Again, Jen’s dad notes that it’s impossible to say whether there are too many people or not—it’s his belief that there aren’t, but that’s not a fact. However, he still suggests that taking people’s rights away by controlling their family planning decisions so extensively was wrong. This is comforting for Luke to hear, as it allows him to feel for the first time like he truly has the right to live, even if his birth was illegal. This realization helps Luke move forward and continue maturing, and it also shows him that his life—and those of other shadow kids—are worth protecting.