LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in Anne of Green Gables, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
Home and Family
Beauty and Imagination
Friendship
Mishaps, Milestones, and Growing Up
Boys and Romance
God, Prayer, and Church
Summary
Analysis
One February evening, Anne is desperate to go to Diana’s. She explains to Marilla that they’ve devised a system of signaling to each other from their windows by passing cardboard back and forth in front of a candle to make flashes. Diana has just flashed five times, meaning she has something important to tell. Though she thinks the system is silly, Marilla gives Anne 10 minutes to talk to Diana. When Anne gets back, she tells Marilla that she’s invited to spend the night with Diana for her birthday tomorrow and to attend a Debating Club concert along with Diana and her visiting cousins.
For all her complaints about Anne’s silliness, Marilla is fairly indulgent of her—although Diana’s invitation, to a more “grown-up” outing, will challenge that.
Active
Themes
Marilla thinks Anne is too young to start going out to concerts in the evening. Anne protests that the poetry recitations will have good moral lessons, and the patriotic songs will be nearly as good as hymns—even the minister will be making a speech. But her arguments are to no avail, and she goes to bed in tears. Matthew, who appeared to be asleep during the whole exchange, says that Anne ought to be allowed. Marilla, however, maintains that Anne will catch a cold and be unsettled for days by all the excitement.
Anne tries to make the case that the concert outing will be edifying, and Matthew characteristically takes her side. But Marilla, always concerned about Anne’s tendency to let her excitement and imagination run away with her, tries to nip the idea in the bud.
Active
Themes
The next morning, on his way to the barn, Matthew again tells Marilla that he thinks Anne should be allowed to go. Marilla seethes for a moment, then agrees, since Matthew won’t be content with anything else. Anne flies joyfully from the pantry with a wet dishcloth in hand, oblivious to Marilla’s scolding. She has always felt so left out when other schoolgirls talked about going to concerts, and it was an awful feeling. Matthew understood, and it’s nice to be understood.
Matthew, though he’s more indulgent than Marilla, also sees that Anne has been left out of many things in life, and that finally getting to participate in things like the concert, like other girls her age, is encouraging to her. Marilla’s emphasis on responsibility and restraint tends to balance out Matthew’s more indulgent approach, both emphasizing things Anne needs to learn or experience while growing up.
Active
Themes
At school, the students can talk of nothing but the concert. The Avonlea Debating Club often puts on public events, but this one, supporting the library, will charge an admission fee of ten cents. Many students have older siblings who are participating in the entertainment. After school, Anne and Diana have tea at her house and then retire to Diana’s room to dress. They spend a long time arranging their hair, and Anne imagines that she has fancier clothes. Then they crowd into a sleigh with Diana’s cousins, flying off to the concert with bells tinkling and a brilliant sunset over the sea.
Outings like the concert are a big part of the social life of Avonlea youth, and the experience of getting dressed up and attending an evening performance is a big growing-up moment for Anne—even when she has to fall back on her imagination to “improve” certain details.
At the concert, Anne is the most easily thrilled audience member. She delights in the poetry recitations, songs, and sketches. But when Gilbert Blythe recites “Bingen on the Rhine,” Anne pointedly reads a library book instead, and refuses to clap when he’s finished. When the happy concertgoers get home, Anne and Diana talk over everything while changing by the fire. Diana tells Anne that when Gilbert came to the line, “There’s another, not a sister,” he looked straight at her. Anne refuses to hear about it.
“Bingen on the Rhine” is a poem by 19th century English poet Caroline Norton, an emotional, romantic piece about a dying soldier’s last words. After sending messages to his mother and sister, the soldier speaks tenderly of his beloved (“You’d have known her by the merriment that sparkled in her eye”). By directing these lines to Anne, Gilbert shows that he already has strong romantic feelings for her. Anne convinces herself that she couldn’t care less.
The two girls race to the spare bed in which they’ll be sleeping. As they leap into bed, however, something moves underneath them, and they hear a muffled voice exclaim, “Merciful goodness!” Before they know it, the girls are flying upstairs in the cold and dark. Laughing helplessly, Diana explains that it’s Aunt Josephine, though she doesn’t know why she was sleeping in the spare bedroom—she’ll be furious. Aunt Josephine is her father’s elderly aunt who is very proper and will scold them terribly about this. They hear nothing at breakfast the next morning, however.
Though they’re starting to participate in more “grown up” outings, Anne and Diana are very much still like little girls in other respects—such as racing and jumping into bed, which quickly turns into another mishap.
Later that afternoon, Anne stops by Mrs. Lynde’s house. Mrs. Barry stopped by a few minutes ago, Rachel tells her, and said that Aunt Josephine was terribly angry about what happened last night. Aunt Josephine was supposed to stay for a month, but she’s threatening to return to Charlottetown tomorrow and to revoke the gift of music lessons for Diana, since Diana’s proven to be a “tomboy.” Aunt Josephine is wealthy, and the Barrys have tried to stay on her good side.
Aunt Josephine thinks that the two girls are terribly childish and unladylike in their behavior. As in the situation with Mrs. Lynde, Anne has offended someone through her impulsiveness, but this time, it has consequences for somebody besides herself.
Anne is dismayed, wondering how she keeps getting not just herself, but also people she loves into trouble. Mrs. Lynde tells her it’s because she’s too impulsive and never stops to think before she speaks or acts. Sadly, Anne walks to Orchard Slope and, to Diana’s horror, says that she’s going to speak to Aunt Josephine herself—last night was her fault, after all. With her hands clasped beseechingly, Anne approaches Aunt Josephine and begs for forgiveness. They were only trying to have fun, and the blame should fall on Anne, not Diana, whose heart is set on music lessons. Aunt Josephine’s fierce gaze softens, but she still scolds Anne for frightening her like that. Anne says she can imagine how Aunt Josephine felt, and asks Aunt Josephine if she can imagine the fright she and Diana felt. And they’d so been looking forward to the honor of sleeping in the spare bedroom.
Though Anne keeps getting herself and others into trouble, she also shows her maturity in that she’s willing to take responsibility when she gets into trouble. In such cases, her tendency to offer humorously dramatic yet heartfelt apologies works to her advantage, often winning even hard-hearted people’s sympathy.
At this, Aunt Josephine actually bursts out laughing. She admits that her imagination has grown rusty from disuse and invites Anne to sit down and introduce herself. Anne explains that she has to go home to Marilla, but she hopes that Aunt Josephine will stay in Avonlea. Aunt Josephine agrees, as long as Anne visits her sometimes. That night, Aunt Josephine gives Diana a bracelet and says she wants to stay and get better acquainted with that amusing “Anne-girl.” Before the end of her stay, she makes Anne promise to come and visit her in Charlottetown. Anne tells Marilla that Aunt Josephine “was a kindred spirit after all.”
Sure enough, Anne’s sincerity wins over even Aunt Josephine and straightens out the tension in the Barry household. From this experience, Anne discovers that even someone who didn’t seem like a kindred spirit might be one after all. In other words, while some people (like Diana) are clearly meant from the start to be “bosom friends,” one can’t always tell right away if someone who appears unfriendly might actually become a dear friend.