Cane

by

Jean Toomer

Themes and Colors
Navigating Identity Theme Icon
Racism in the Jim Crow Era Theme Icon
Feminine Allure Theme Icon
Nature vs. Society Theme Icon
The Power and Limitations of Language Theme Icon
LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in Cane, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
Nature vs. Society Theme Icon

An encounter with the natural world lies at the heart of almost every piece in Cane. Even when nature is absent literally, characters bring it into existence, as when John images the alley behind the Howard Theater morphing into a tree-lined country lane. Encounters with the natural world give meaning to people’s often confusing and painful lives. When Ralph Kabnis moves to Georgia from Washington, D. C., the beauty of the natural world is almost enough to convince him that God still exists, despite the indignity and injustice he experiences in his life.

Cane explores what it sees as the antithesis between the generative power of the natural world and the stifling rules and limitations of human society. Nature is so full of generative power that it creates beauty—the falling pine needles of “Nullo” or the lightning flash of “Storm Ending,” for example—whether anyone is there to see it or not. In contrast, society’s obligations and rules crush beauty and destroy hope. Rhobert’s house—representing society—slowly crushes him to death. Paul longs to trade the nightclub called “Crimson Gardens” for real, Edenic gardens where he can return to a natural state of grace before humanity divided itself into races and classes. And although Cane clearly indicates that it’s not possible to return to this imagined past, it does suggest that part of what is missing in modern life is a connection to the power of nature. By recapturing this connection, Cane insinuates, people can tap into a richly generative power that will help them to create a better society and future for themselves.

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Nature vs. Society Quotes in Cane

Below you will find the important quotes in Cane related to the theme of Nature vs. Society.
7. Carma Quotes

The sun is hammered to a band of gold. Pine-needles, like mazda, are brilliantly aglow. No rain has come to take the rustle from the falling sweet-gum leaves. Over in the forest, across the swamp, a sawmill blows its closing whistle. Smoke curls up. Marvelous web spun by the spider sawdust pile. Curls up and spreads itself pine-high above the branch, a single silver band along the eastern valley. A black boy…you are the most sleepiest man I ever seed, Sleeping beauty…cradled on a gray mule, guided by the hollow sound of cowbells, heads for them through a rusty cotton field. From down the railroad track, the chugchug of a gas engine announces that the repair gang is coming home. A girl in the yard of a whitewashed shack not much larger than the stack of worn ties piled before it, sings. Her voice is loud. Echoes, like rain, sweep the valley.

Related Characters: Narrator of “Carma” (speaker), Carma , Bane
Related Symbols: Smoke
Page Number: 12-13
Explanation and Analysis:
15. Portrait in Georgia Quotes

Hair—braided chestnut,
coiled like a lyncher’s rope,
Eyes—fagots,
Lips—old scars, or the first red blisters,
Breath—the last sweet scent of cane,
And her slim body, white as the ash
of black flesh after flame.

Related Characters: Fern
Related Symbols: Cane
Page Number: 36
Explanation and Analysis:
18. Rhobert Quotes

Rhobert wears a house, like a monstrous diver’s helmet, on his head. His legs are banty-bowed and shaky because as a child he had rickets. He is way down. Rods of the house like antennae of a dead thing, stuffed, prop up the air. He is way down. He is sinking. His house is a dead thing that weights him down. He is sinking as a diver would sink in mud should the water be drawn off. Life is a murky, wiggling, microscopic water that compresses him. Compresses his helmet and would crush it the minute that he pulled his head out. He has to keep it in. Life is water that is being drawn off.

Brother, life is water that is being drawn off.
Brother, life is water that is being drawn off.

Related Characters: Rhobert
Related Symbols: House
Page Number: 53
Explanation and Analysis:
19. Avey Quotes

I have a spot in Soldier’s Home to which I always go when I want the simple beauty of another’s soul. Robins spring about the lawn all day. They leave their footprints in the grass. I imagine that the grass at night smells sweet and fresh because of them. The ground is high. Washington lies below. Its light spreads like a blush against the darkened sky. Against the soft dusk sky of Washington. And when the wind is from the South, soil of my homeland falls like a fertile shower upon the lean streets of the city. Upon my hill in Soldier’s Home. I know the policeman who watches the place of nights. When I go there alone, I talk to him. I tell him I come there to find the truth that people bury in their hearts.

Related Characters: Avey’s Admirer (speaker), Avey
Page Number: 60-61
Explanation and Analysis:
25. Box Seat Quotes

Houses are shy girls whose eyes shine reticently upon the dusk body of the street. Upon the gleaming limbs and asphalt torso of a dreaming nigger. Shake your curled wool-blossoms, nigger. Open your liver lips to the lean, white spring. Stir the root of a withered people. Call to them from their houses, and teach them to dream.

Dark swaying forms of Negroes are street songs that woo virginal houses.

Dan Moore walks southward on Thirteenth Street. […] The eyes of houses faintly touch him as he passes by them. Soft girl-eyes, they set him singing. […] Floating away, they dally wistfully over the dusk body of the street. Come on, Dan Moore, come on. Dan sings. His voice is a little hoarse. It cracks. He strains to produce tones in keeping with the houses’ loveliness. Cant be done. He whistles. His notes are shrill. They hurt him.

Related Characters: Dan Moore , Muriel
Related Symbols: House
Page Number: 74
Explanation and Analysis:

Muriel has on an orange dress. Its color would clash with the crimson box-draperies, its color would contradict the sweet rose smile her face is bathed in, should she take her coat off. She’ll keep it on. Pale purple shadows rest on the planes of her cheeks. Deep purple comes from her thick-shocked hair. Orange of the dress goes well with these. Muriel presses her coat down around her shoulders. Teachers are not supposed to have bobbed hair. She’ll keep her hat on. She takes the first chair, and indicates that Bernice is to take the one directly behind her. […] To speak to Berny, she must turn. When she does, the audience is square upon her.

Related Characters: Dan Moore , Muriel, Bernice
Page Number: 81-82
Explanation and Analysis:
29. Kabnis Quotes

Their meeting is a swift sun-burst. Lewis impulsively moves towards her. His mind flashes images of her life in the southern town. He sees the nascent woman, her flesh already stiffening to cartilage, drying to bone. Her spirit-bloom, even now touched sullen, bitter. Her rich beauty fading…He wants to— He stretches forth his hands to hers. He takes them. They feel like warm cheeks against his palms. The sun-burst from her eyes floods up and haloes him. Christ-eyes, his eyes look to her. Fearlessly she loves into them. Sand then something happens. Her face blanches. Awkwardly she draws away. The sin-bogies of respectable southern colored folks clamor at her: “Look out! Be a good girl. A good girl. Look out!”

Related Characters: Karintha , Carma , Fern , Avey , Ralph Kabnis , Lewis , Fred Halsey , Carrie K. , Stella, Cora
Page Number: 138
Explanation and Analysis: