Walter’s statement that Aboriginals have been inhabiting the country for 40,000 years points to just how old the Aboriginal claim to the land is. It is a claim that predates white settlement by many millennia. In affirming that Bunjil and Waa are still surviving, Sadie indicates that she is beginning to realize—through her interaction with the crows—that the Aboriginal ancestral spirits are in fact still alive, even though white people generally deny their existence.