Manuel Chavez was a real historical figure, known for his participation in several of the most important wars of the 19th century. After fighting with the Mexican side in the Mexican-American war, Chavez later fought (and won several important battles) for the Union in the U.S. Civil War. Chavez was a frequent combatant in the Navajo Wars, and he was known for his brutality and his willingness to enslave members of the Navajo tribes. Though the novel portrays Chavez as a friend of both Olivares and Latour, in reality, Chavez was nearly excommunicated by the Catholic church in New Mexico over a property dispute.