Fire on the Mountain

Fire on the Mountain

by

Anita Desai

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Themes and Colors
The Nature of Freedom  Theme Icon
Honesty and Self-Reflection Theme Icon
Trauma and Suffering Theme Icon
Class and Privilege  Theme Icon
Female Oppression  Theme Icon
LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in Fire on the Mountain, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
Trauma and Suffering Theme Icon

The subjects of Fire on the Mountain must contend with tragedy, suffering, and loss. The villagers under Ila Das’s care suffer from starvation and preventable diseases. Ram Lal reminds Raka more than once about his scary dog bite and the painful series of shots he endured to prevent rabies. Raka is sickly and has witnessed too much of her parents’ unhappy and abusive marriage. Ila Das and her sister Rima live on the brink of abject poverty because their brothers squandered the family fortune. Nanda Kaul felt trapped in her marriage to the Vice-Chancellor who never loved her, and he in turn felt compelled by his society to marry an Indian woman rather than Miss David, the Englishwoman he loved. These circumstances—like the demographics of their victims—vary widely. But together, they suggest that pain, trauma, and suffering are a part of all lives—rich and poor, male and female, young and old. And the book honestly examines the way that tragedy and trial can scar a person for life. Witnessing the chaotic dance at the Kasauli Club, Raka experiences a visceral flashback to her father’s drunken binges, and she flees—thus showing readers some of the reasons she fears contact with others and longs to be left alone.

Uncomfortably, the book does not portray any of its characters triumphing over adversity or trauma, except perhaps Ram Lal’s lucky escape from death by rabies. But by pointing to the commonplace nature of suffering, it suggests that no one is immune and that everyone can benefit from compassion and kindness. And, by revealing the inner lives—and suffering—of Nanda Kaul, Ila Das, and Raka, it gives readers a chance to cultivate their empathetic understanding ever further.

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Trauma and Suffering Quotes in Fire on the Mountain

Below you will find the important quotes in Fire on the Mountain related to the theme of Trauma and Suffering.
Part 2, Chapter 1 Quotes

Commotion preceded her like a band of langurs. Only it took the form of schoolboys who were unfortunately let out from school at just the same time as Ila das was proceeding toward Carignano with her uneven, rushing step, in her ancient white court shoes, prodding the tip of her great brown umbrella into the dust with an air of faked determination. Like langurs, the boys swung about her, long-armed, careless, insulting. They hooted at her little grey topknot that wobbled on top of her head, at her spectacles that slipped down to the tip of her nose and were only prevented from falling off by an ancient purple ribbon looped over her ears, at the grey rag of the petticoat that gaped dismally beneath the lace hem of her sari—at everything, in short, that was Ila Das. […] She said only harmless things like “I’ll tell your teacher—I know your Principal […]”

Related Characters: Nanda Kaul , Ila Das
Related Symbols: Animals
Page Number: 117-118
Explanation and Analysis:
Part 2, Chapter 11 Quotes

Somewhere behind them, behind it all, was her father, home from a party, stumbling and crashing through the curtains of night, his mouth opening to let out a flood of rotten stench, beating at her mother with hammers and fists of abuse—harsh, filthy abuse that made Raka cower under her bedclothes and wet the mattress in fright, feeling the stream of urine warm and weakening between her legs like a stream of blood, and her mother lay down on the floor and shut her eyes and wept. Under her feet, in the dark, Raka felt that flat, wet jelly of her mother’s being squelching and quivering, so that she didn’t know where to put her feet and wept as she tried to get free of it. Ahead of her, no longer on the ground but at some distance now, her mother was crying. Then it was a jackal crying.

Related Characters: Raka, Ram Lal, Tara
Related Symbols: Animals
Page Number: 78-79
Explanation and Analysis:
Part 2, Chapter 17 Quotes

In the silence that followed, Nanda Kaul bitterly cursed her failure to comfort children, her total inability to place herself in another’s position and act accordingly. Fantasy and fairy tales had their place in life, she knew it so well. Why then did she tell the child the truth? Who wanted truth? Who could stand it? Nobody. Not even herself. So how could Raka?

But Raka did not say anything more. Her face was pale, but composed. She might have been indifferent, although deliberately so. After all, she had known her mother ill for most of her life, mysteriously ill, mostly in bed, under a loose pink blanket that smelled of damp, like the lilies. It was no new shock. Her voice had something flat about it, Nanda Kaul noted, when she got up, saying “I think I’ll go out now, Nani.”

Related Characters: Nanda Kaul , Raka, Tara
Page Number: 97
Explanation and Analysis:
Part 2, Chapter 18 Quotes

It was the ravaged, destroyed and barren spaces in Kasauli that drew her: the ravine where yellow snakes slept under grey rocks and agaves growing out of the dust and rubble, the skeletal pines that rattled in the wind, the wind-levelled hilltops and the seared remains of the safe, cozy, civilized world in which Raka had no part and to which she owed no attachment.

Here she stood, in the blackened shell of a house that the next storm would bring down, looking down the ravine to the tawny plains […] She raised herself on to the tips of her toes—tall, tall as a pine—stretched out her arms till she felt the yellow light strike a spark down her fingertips and along her arms till she was alight, ablaze.

Then she broke loose, raced out on to the hillside, up the ridge, through the pines, in blazing silence.

Related Characters: Raka, Tara
Related Symbols: Animals, Burned Cottage, Ravine
Page Number: 99-100
Explanation and Analysis:
Part 3, Chapter 6 Quotes

Now the pink lichees, the badminton games and piano tunes fled from Ila Das’s side, leaving behind a shriveled, shaking thing. Little by little, all those sweetnesses, those softnesses died or departed, leaving her every minute drier, dustier and more desperate.

Nanda Kaul knew: she had followed this despairing progress from not too great a distance. So Ila Das could turn to her with a harsh honesty that was as real as her memory-making had been, and Nanda Kaul knew how real each was in its turn, how they came together, one bitter, corroded edge joining the other, making up this wretched whole.

Related Characters: Nanda Kaul , Ila Das, Vice-Chancellor , Miss David
Page Number: 134
Explanation and Analysis:
Part 3, Chapter 12 Quotes

The last of the light had left the valley. It was already a deep violet and only the Kasauli ridge, where Carignano stood invisibly, was still bright with sunlight, russet and auburn, copper and brass. An eagle took off from the peak of Monkey Point, lit up like a torch in the sky, and dropped slowly down into the valley, lower and lower, till it was no more than a sere leaf, a scrap of burnt paper, drifting on currents of air, silently.

Related Characters: Nanda Kaul , Ila Das
Related Symbols: Animals
Page Number: 153
Explanation and Analysis:
Part 3, Chapter 13 Quotes

No, no, it is a lie! No, it cannot be. It was a lie—Ila was not raped, not dead. It was all a lie, all. She had lied to Raka, lied about everything. Her father had never been to Tibet […] They had not had bears and leopards in their home, nothing but overfed dogs and bad-tempered parrots. Nor had her husband loved and cherished her and kept her like a queen […] And her children—[… she] neither understood nor loved them. She did not live here alone by choice—she lived here alone because that was what she was forced to do, reduced to doing. All those graces and glories with which she had tried to captivate Raka were only a fabrication: they helped her to sleep at night, they were tranquillizers, pills. She had lied to Raka. And Ila had lied, too. Ila, too, had lied, had tried.

Related Characters: Nanda Kaul , Raka, Ila Das
Page Number: 158
Explanation and Analysis: