It's misleading to just say that racism facilitated European slavery and colonialism—rather, colonialism and slavery invented racism in the first place. Our modern-day concepts of race are really just artifacts from this history. Before the 15th century, human beings certainly interacted with people from other groups, but there wasn’t an all-encompassing classification system that would slot every single person into one of four races. Notably, the personality traits that Linnaeus attached to his early racial hierarchy are still common racist stereotypes. It’s clear that Linnaeus formulated them in order to justify European domination over the rest of the world.