Mother Tongue

by

Amy Tan

The narrator of “Mother Tongue,” Amy Tan is a first-generation Chinese-American woman reflecting on the relationship she has with her Chinese mother. It is through language that Tan traces her journey to understanding her mother’s life experiences, ultimately coming to appreciate her for the adversity she has overcome. Tan recalls the moment when she became fully conscious of the different “Englishes” that she herself uses every day, emphasizing how she changes her speech when she’s around her mother. Tan dives deeper into her childhood memories, detailing events that influenced her perception of her mother—moments in which others taught Tan to believe that her mother’s language capabilities were limited. The child of an immigrant parent, Tan was expected to intervene when other people couldn’t—or wouldn’t—speak to her mother, and this effectively ushered Tan into adulthood at a young age. Tan’s experience speaking for her mother while learning the rules of “standard English” at school motivated her to master the (standardized) English language, which, in turn, influenced her creative writing. Eventually realizing that the authorial voice in her writing was unnatural and difficult to understand, Tan began writing with her mother in mind, imagining her as the reader. Realizing that the English she grew up with at home—her mother's supposedly "broken" English—is extremely expressive and alive, Tan decided to incorporate the sounds of her "mother tongue" into her creative writing.

Amy Tan Quotes in Mother Tongue

The Mother Tongue quotes below are all either spoken by Amy Tan or refer to Amy Tan. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Self-Acceptance Theme Icon
).
Mother Tongue Quotes

And it was perhaps the first time she had heard me give a lengthy speech, using the kind of English I have never used with her […] —a speech filled with carefully wrought grammatical phrases, burdened, it suddenly seemed to me, with nominalized forms, past perfect tenses, conditional phrases, forms of standard English that I had learned in school and through books, the forms of English I did not use at home with my mother.

Related Characters: Amy Tan (speaker), Tan’s Mother (Mrs. Tan)
Related Symbols: Language
Page Number: 271-272
Explanation and Analysis:

It has become our language of intimacy, a different sort of English that relates to family talk, the language I grew up with.

Related Characters: Amy Tan (speaker), Tan’s Mother (Mrs. Tan)
Related Symbols: Language
Page Number: 272
Explanation and Analysis:

But to me, my mother’s English is perfectly clear, perfectly natural. It’s my mother tongue. Her language, as I hear it, is vivid, direct, full of observation and imagery. That was the language that helped shape the way I saw things, expressed things, made sense of the world.

Related Characters: Amy Tan (speaker), Tan’s Mother (Mrs. Tan)
Related Symbols: Language
Page Number: 273
Explanation and Analysis:

It has always bothered me that I can think of no way to describe it other than “broken,” as if it were damaged and needed to be fixed, as if it lacked a certain wholeness and soundness. I’ve heard other terms used […] But they seem just as bad, as if everything is limited, including people’s perceptions of the limited-English speaker.

Related Characters: Amy Tan (speaker), Tan’s Mother (Mrs. Tan)
Related Symbols: Language
Page Number: 273
Explanation and Analysis:

I believed that her English reflected the quality of what she had to say. That is, because she expressed them imperfectly, her thoughts were imperfect.

Related Characters: Amy Tan (speaker), Tan’s Mother (Mrs. Tan)
Related Symbols: Language
Page Number: 273
Explanation and Analysis:

Math is precise; there is only one correct answer. Whereas, for me at least, the answers on English tests were always a judgement call, a matter of opinion and personal experience.

Related Characters: Amy Tan (speaker), Tan’s Mother (Mrs. Tan)
Related Symbols: Language
Page Number: 275
Explanation and Analysis:

Fortunately, I happen to be rebellious and enjoy the challenge of disproving assumptions made about me.

Related Characters: Amy Tan (speaker), Tan’s Mother (Mrs. Tan)
Related Symbols: Language
Page Number: 275
Explanation and Analysis:

I wrote what I thought to be wittily crafted sentences, sentences that would finally prove I had mastery over the English language.

Related Characters: Amy Tan (speaker), Tan’s Mother (Mrs. Tan)
Related Symbols: Language
Page Number: 276
Explanation and Analysis:

I began to write stories using all the Englishes I grew up with: the English I spoke to my mother, which for lack of a better term might be described as “simple”; the English she used with me, which for lack of a better term might be described as “broken”; my translation of her Chinese, which could certainly be described as “watered down”; and what I imagined to be her translation of her Chinese if she could speak in perfect English, her internal language, and for that I sought to preserve the essence, but neither an English nor a Chinese structure.

Related Characters: Amy Tan (speaker), Tan’s Mother (Mrs. Tan)
Related Symbols: Language
Page Number: 276-277
Explanation and Analysis:

I wanted to capture what language ability tests could never reveal: her intent, her passion, her imagery, the rhythms of her speech and the nature of her thoughts.

Related Characters: Amy Tan (speaker), Tan’s Mother (Mrs. Tan)
Related Symbols: Language
Page Number: 277-278
Explanation and Analysis:
Get the entire Mother Tongue LitChart as a printable PDF.
Mother Tongue PDF

Amy Tan Quotes in Mother Tongue

The Mother Tongue quotes below are all either spoken by Amy Tan or refer to Amy Tan. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Self-Acceptance Theme Icon
).
Mother Tongue Quotes

And it was perhaps the first time she had heard me give a lengthy speech, using the kind of English I have never used with her […] —a speech filled with carefully wrought grammatical phrases, burdened, it suddenly seemed to me, with nominalized forms, past perfect tenses, conditional phrases, forms of standard English that I had learned in school and through books, the forms of English I did not use at home with my mother.

Related Characters: Amy Tan (speaker), Tan’s Mother (Mrs. Tan)
Related Symbols: Language
Page Number: 271-272
Explanation and Analysis:

It has become our language of intimacy, a different sort of English that relates to family talk, the language I grew up with.

Related Characters: Amy Tan (speaker), Tan’s Mother (Mrs. Tan)
Related Symbols: Language
Page Number: 272
Explanation and Analysis:

But to me, my mother’s English is perfectly clear, perfectly natural. It’s my mother tongue. Her language, as I hear it, is vivid, direct, full of observation and imagery. That was the language that helped shape the way I saw things, expressed things, made sense of the world.

Related Characters: Amy Tan (speaker), Tan’s Mother (Mrs. Tan)
Related Symbols: Language
Page Number: 273
Explanation and Analysis:

It has always bothered me that I can think of no way to describe it other than “broken,” as if it were damaged and needed to be fixed, as if it lacked a certain wholeness and soundness. I’ve heard other terms used […] But they seem just as bad, as if everything is limited, including people’s perceptions of the limited-English speaker.

Related Characters: Amy Tan (speaker), Tan’s Mother (Mrs. Tan)
Related Symbols: Language
Page Number: 273
Explanation and Analysis:

I believed that her English reflected the quality of what she had to say. That is, because she expressed them imperfectly, her thoughts were imperfect.

Related Characters: Amy Tan (speaker), Tan’s Mother (Mrs. Tan)
Related Symbols: Language
Page Number: 273
Explanation and Analysis:

Math is precise; there is only one correct answer. Whereas, for me at least, the answers on English tests were always a judgement call, a matter of opinion and personal experience.

Related Characters: Amy Tan (speaker), Tan’s Mother (Mrs. Tan)
Related Symbols: Language
Page Number: 275
Explanation and Analysis:

Fortunately, I happen to be rebellious and enjoy the challenge of disproving assumptions made about me.

Related Characters: Amy Tan (speaker), Tan’s Mother (Mrs. Tan)
Related Symbols: Language
Page Number: 275
Explanation and Analysis:

I wrote what I thought to be wittily crafted sentences, sentences that would finally prove I had mastery over the English language.

Related Characters: Amy Tan (speaker), Tan’s Mother (Mrs. Tan)
Related Symbols: Language
Page Number: 276
Explanation and Analysis:

I began to write stories using all the Englishes I grew up with: the English I spoke to my mother, which for lack of a better term might be described as “simple”; the English she used with me, which for lack of a better term might be described as “broken”; my translation of her Chinese, which could certainly be described as “watered down”; and what I imagined to be her translation of her Chinese if she could speak in perfect English, her internal language, and for that I sought to preserve the essence, but neither an English nor a Chinese structure.

Related Characters: Amy Tan (speaker), Tan’s Mother (Mrs. Tan)
Related Symbols: Language
Page Number: 276-277
Explanation and Analysis:

I wanted to capture what language ability tests could never reveal: her intent, her passion, her imagery, the rhythms of her speech and the nature of her thoughts.

Related Characters: Amy Tan (speaker), Tan’s Mother (Mrs. Tan)
Related Symbols: Language
Page Number: 277-278
Explanation and Analysis: