Hortense’s relationship with her grandmother helps illuminate the dynamic between an imperial power and its colonial subjects. While all Jamaicans have to learn English songs, Miss Jewel’s disregard for the lyrics shows how irrelevant to her real life these bits of British culture really are. However, Miss Jewel never explicitly realizes this; rather, both she and Hortense accept that the little girl should take on a pedagogical role in their relationship because she’s been educated in the colonial school system, even though Miss Jewel is much older and probably much wiser.