LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in The Idiot, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
Innocence v. Foolishness
Money, Greed, and Corruption
Social Hierarchy, Authority, and Rebellion
Absurdity and Nihilism
Passion, Violence, and Christianity
Summary
Analysis
Ferdyshchenko declares that he thinks that the number of immoral people in the world probably outweighs those who are moral, and that everyone has stolen something in their lives. A debate ensues, until Nastasya tells Ferdyshchenko to hurry up with his turn. He tells a story about how he stole three roubles from the daughter of an acquaintance, let the maid take the blame for it, and then spent the money on alcohol. The maid was dismissed the next day and Ferdyshchenko said nothing about it. The guests are largely unimpressed by this story, and this infuriates Ferdyshchenko. Ptitsyn is next, but he refuses to participate.
Considering that Ferdyshchenko is known as a vulgar, wicked person, it is arguably surprising that his story is rather tame. Of course, this could mean that he is lying. On the other hand, it could also indicate that Ferdyshchenko’s vulgarity is not evidence of some terrible moral depravity. He might simply be an unpleasant person who people mistakenly believe is deeply immoral.
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General Epanchin is next, and says that the story they are about to hear has troubled him for 35 years. When it happened, he had just been made lieutenant. He had an orderly named Nikifor who was extremely honest and dutiful. He lived with the elderly widow of a lieutenant who had died 45 years earlier. An argument erupted between Epanchin and the old lady regarding a stolen rooster, and he and Nikifor moved away. However, he then learned that the old woman kept his bowl when he moved as a kind of punishment, and went back to yell at her. She didn’t respond, and later Epanchin learned that she actually died while he stood there shouting at her.
General Epanchin’s story certainly seems like the kind of thing that could weigh on a person’s conscience for years. However, his selection of it is rather clever, because although it is clear why he feels guilty, he didn’t knowingly commit any grave wrong. Yelling at an old woman who has stolen from you may be ungenerous, but it is not truly awful. Epanchin could not have known, after all, that the woman was dying.
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Epanchin was greatly disturbed by the incident, and even though much time has passed, it still troubles him today. He only began to feel better after he started paying for places for two sick old women in the almshouse, something he began doing 15 years ago and wishes to continue even after his death. Next up is Totsky, who shares something that happened 20 years previously. It was during a time when the popularity of Dumas’s La Dame aux camélias made camellias extremely sought-after in Russian high society. A man Totsky knew called Petya Vorkhovskoy was desperately in love with a young woman named Anfisa Alexeevna. Vorkhovskoy tried his best to get Anfisa camellias but failed, whereas Totsky succeeded.
Both General Epanchin and Totsky’s stories contain actual boasts (rather than the perverse form of boasting Totsky was describing earlier). Epanchin’s story ends up being a way for him to demonstrate his eagerness to redeem himself and, ultimately, his upstanding nature. Meanwhile, Totsky contains a detail about how he succeeded in a romantic rivalry. Furthermore, given that we know he sexually abused Nastasya for years, this story cannot possibly be the worst thing he has ever done.
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Distraught, Vorkhovskoy ended up sending himself to the Caucasus and dying in the Crimean War. While telling the story, Totsky mentions several good deeds he did, such as donating 100 roubles to a hospital. Nastasya dryly comments that the game is becoming boring, and that after she tells her story they will stop playing. Suddenly, she turns to Myshkin and asks him if she should marry Ganya. There is a long pause, before Myshkin stammers that she shouldn’t. Nastasya says that in that case she won’t, and the other guests begin protesting this decision. They are confused about why she has let the prince decide for her, but she asserts: “He believed in me from the first glance, and I trust him.”
It is clear from this passage that in playing the game, Nastasya was hoping to cause a great scandal. When the supposed worst deeds that people choose to reveal turn out to be inconsequential, she realizes she will have to take a different route. It might seem strange that Nastasya, who is so obsessed with scandal and immorality, would trust the advice of Myshkin when it comes to determining her romantic life. Yet her justification hints that Myshkin might be the first person to ever believe in her.
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Humiliated, Ganya sarcastically thanks Nastasya for the way she has treated him. Nastasya replies that she knows he is upset about losing the 75,000 roubles, which she tells Totsky he can keep. She also tells General Epanchin that he can take the pearls he gave her and give them to his wife instead, and that as of the next day, she will leave her apartment. Everyone cries out in shock, and at that moment the doorbell rings.
Here, Nastasya dramatically reveals that she knew all about the secret schemes and dynamics lying beneath the plan for her and Ganya to become engaged. In doing so, she shames all the people who participated in creating this rather elaborate plot.