The Paper Menagerie

by

Ken Liu

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Art vs. Consumer Items Theme Analysis

Themes and Colors
Racism and Identity Theme Icon
Familial Love and Estrangement Theme Icon
Language and Translation Theme Icon
Art vs. Consumer Items Theme Icon
LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in The Paper Menagerie, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
Art vs. Consumer Items Theme Icon

“The Paper Menagerie” defines true art by contrasting it with mere consumer items. When the main character Jack is young, his mother folds him paper animals out of leftover Christmas wrapping paper. She brings the animals to life by blowing into them, a skill she learned from her own mother back in China. Much later, after Jack’s mother has died, Jack’s girlfriend Susan finds the paper animals and declares that Jack’s mother was “an amazing artist.” The story contrasts Jack’s paper animals with an Obi-Wan Kenobi action figure belonging to Jack’s childhood neighbor Mark. Mark fails to appreciate the paper animals, calling them “trash.” When Jack’s paper tiger Laohu jumps on the Obi-Wan Kenobi action figure and breaks it, Mark tears up Laohu and begins bullying Jack. Later, Jack gives Mark a new Obi-Wan Kenobi action figure to substitute for the one broken. By contrasting the magical paper animals with the inert action figure, “The Paper Menagerie” suggests that real art is in some sense alive, whereas consumer items are dead; real art is created by an individual artist, whereas consumer items are mass produced; and real art is irreplaceable, whereas consumer items can be replaced.

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Art vs. Consumer Items ThemeTracker

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Art vs. Consumer Items Quotes in The Paper Menagerie

Below you will find the important quotes in The Paper Menagerie related to the theme of Art vs. Consumer Items.
The Paper Menagerie Quotes

A little paper tiger stood on the table, the size of two fists placed together. The skin of the tiger was the pattern on the wrapping paper, white background with red candy canes and green Christmas trees.

[…]

Zhe jiao zhezhi,” Mom said. This is called origami.

Related Characters: Jack’s Mother (speaker), Jack
Related Symbols: Paper Animals
Page Number: 178
Explanation and Analysis:

Mark, one of the neighborhood boys, came over with his Star Wars action figures. Obi-Wan Kenobi’s lightsaber lit up and he could swing his arms and say, in a tinny voice, “Use the Force!” I didn’t think the figure looked much like the real Obi-Wan at all.

Together, we watched him repeat this performance five times on the coffee table. “Can he do anything else?” I asked.

Mark was annoyed by my question. “Look at all the details,” he said.

I looked at the details. I wasn’t sure what I was supposed to say.

Related Characters: Jack (speaker), Mark (speaker)
Related Symbols: Paper Animals
Page Number: 181-182
Explanation and Analysis:

Mark grabbed Laohu and his snarl was choked off as Mark crumpled him in his hand and tore him in half. He balled up the two pieces of paper and threw them at me. “Here’s your stupid cheap Chinese garbage.”

Related Characters: Jack (speaker), Mark (speaker), Jack’s Mother
Related Symbols: Paper Animals
Page Number: 183
Explanation and Analysis:

Dad bought me a full set of Star Wars action figures. I gave the Obi-Wan Kenobi to Mark.

I packed the paper menagerie in a large shoe box and put it under the bed.

Related Characters: Jack (speaker), Jack’s Mother, Jack’s Father, Mark
Related Symbols: Paper Animals
Page Number: 184
Explanation and Analysis:

Susan found the shoe box in the attic. The paper menagerie, hidden in the uninsulated darkness of the attic for so long, had become brittle, and the bright wrapping paper patterns had faded.

“I’ve never seen origami like this,” Susan said. “Your mom was an amazing artist.”

The paper animals did not move. Perhaps whatever magic had animated them stopped when Mom died. Or perhaps I had only imagined that these paper constructions were once alive. The memory of children could not be trusted.

Related Characters: Jack (speaker), Susan (speaker), Jack’s Mother, Jack’s Father
Related Symbols: Paper Animals
Page Number: 187
Explanation and Analysis: