The Poppy War

by

R. F. Kuang

Addiction, Drugs, and Control Theme Analysis

Themes and Colors
Dehumanization and the Horrors of War Theme Icon
Identity, Cultural Trauma, and Coming of Age Theme Icon
The Purpose of Education Theme Icon
Addiction, Drugs, and Control Theme Icon
History Theme Icon
LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in The Poppy War, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
Addiction, Drugs, and Control Theme Icon

The Poppy War explores the devastating effects of addiction in a variety of ways, on the whole highlighting how it can be used to gain power and control—either over other people, or over one’s own life. When the novel opens on 16-year-old Rin taking the Keju examination, it details how she essentially became addicted to studying, as testing into the prestigious Sinegard Academy offered her an escape from an unwanted arranged marriage. Later, at Sinegard, Rin develops a crushing need to earn her masters’ praise—she feels low and worthless when nobody praises her, and a genuine “high” when she does earn praise. But while this does motivate Rin to push herself to extreme lengths, the narration makes careful note of how it creates a cycle of desire and addiction not unlike genuine drug addiction to opium, which many Nikara are addicted to. Even Altan, a Speerly and the Cike commander, is addicted to opium. It, like the praise Rin craves from her masters and her commander, gives Altan a sense of peace and release. Meanwhile, it traps him in a cycle of addiction that severely limits his ability to effectively function. Additionally, Rin learns how Nikan purposefully got the Speerlies addicted to opium a thousand years ago to make them easier to control, as they—like Rin searching for praise—would do anything for their next fix. In this sense, The Poppy War presents drugs as a tool to gain power and control over other people. And while those who become trapped in cycles of addition might initially turn to drug use as a means to exercise control over their own lives, as Rin and Altan do with their respective addictions to praise and opium, they ultimately give up the agency they so desire in order to feed their addictions.

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Addiction, Drugs, and Control ThemeTracker

The ThemeTracker below shows where, and to what degree, the theme of Addiction, Drugs, and Control appears in each chapter of The Poppy War. Click or tap on any chapter to read its Summary & Analysis.
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Addiction, Drugs, and Control Quotes in The Poppy War

Below you will find the important quotes in The Poppy War related to the theme of Addiction, Drugs, and Control.
Chapter 1  Quotes

“But once he [trusts you]? You start plying him with opium—just a little bit at first, though I doubt he’s never smoked before. Then you give him more and more every day. Do it at night right after he’s finished with you, so he always associates it with pleasure and power.

“Give him more and more until he is fully dependent on it, and on you. Let it destroy his body and mind. You’ll be more or less married to a breathing corpse, yes, but you will have his riches, his estates, and his power.”

Related Characters: Auntie Fang (speaker), Rin (Fang Runin), Altan Trengsin, The Red Emperor
Related Symbols: Opium
Page Number: 14
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 5 Quotes

“The Keju doesn’t mean anything,” Rin said scathingly. “The Keju is a ruse to keep uneducated peasants right where they’ve always been. You slip past the Keju, they’ll find a way to expel you anyway. The Keju keeps the lower classes sedated. It keeps us dreaming. It’s not a ladder for mobility; it’s a way to keep people like me exactly where they were born. The Keju is a drug.”

Related Characters: Rin (Fang Runin) (speaker), Kitay, Nezha, Master Jun
Related Symbols: Opium
Page Number: 86
Explanation and Analysis:

She adored praise—craved it, needed it, and realized she found relief only when she finally had it.

She realized, too, that she felt about praise the way that addicts felt about opium. Each time she received a fresh infusion of flattery, she could think only about how to get more of it. Achievement was a high. Failure was worse than withdrawal. Good test scores brought only momentary relief and temporary pride—she basked in her grace period of several hours before she began to panic about her next test.

She craved praise so deeply that she felt it in her bones. And just like an addict, she did whatever she could to get it.

Related Characters: Rin (Fang Runin), Empress Su Daji (The Vipress), Master Irjah
Related Symbols: Opium
Page Number: 95
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 9 Quotes

“You’ve seen what poppy does to the common man. And given what you know of addiction, your conclusions are reasonable. Opium makes wise men stupid. It destroys local economies and weakens entire countries.”

He weighed another handful of poppy seeds in his palm. “But something so destructive inherently and simultaneously has marvelous potential. The poppy flower, more than anything, displays the duality of hallucinogens. You know poppy by three names. In its most common form, as opium nuggets smoked from a pipe, poppy makes you useless. It numbs you and closes you off to the world. Then there is the madly addictive heroin, which is extracted as a powder from the sap of the flower. But the seeds? These seeds are a shaman’s dream. These seeds, used with the proper mental preparation, give you access to the entire universe contained within your mind.”

Related Characters: Master Jiang (the Gatekeeper) (speaker), Rin (Fang Runin), Altan Trengsin
Related Symbols: Opium
Page Number: 192-193
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 17 Quotes

She had just killed Altan.

What was that supposed to mean? What did it say that the chimei had thought she wouldn’t be able to kill Altan, and that she had killed him anyway?

If she could do this, what couldn’t she do?

Who couldn’t she kill?

Maybe that was the kind of anger it took to call the Phoenix easily and regularly the way Altan did. Not just rage, not just fear, but a deep, burning resentment, fanned by a particularly cruel kind of abuse.

Related Characters: Rin (Fang Runin), Altan Trengsin, Nezha, The Phoenix
Related Symbols: Opium
Page Number: 368
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 20 Quotes

“He’s not human,” she said, recalling the horrible anger behind Altan’s power. She’d thought she understood Altan. She’d thought she had reached the man behind the command title. But she realized now that she didn’t know him at all. The Altan she’d known—at least, the Altan in her mind—would have done anything for his troops. He wouldn’t have left someone in the gas to die. “He—I don’t know what he is.”

“But Altan was never allowed to be human,” Chaghan said, and his voice was uncharacteristically gentle. “Since childhood, he’s been regarded as a militia asset. Your masters at the Academy fed him opium for attacking his classmates and trained him like a dog for this war.”

Related Characters: Rin (Fang Runin) (speaker), Chaghan (speaker), Altan Trengsin, Nezha, Master Irjah
Related Symbols: Opium
Page Number: 390
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 24 Quotes

She had never understood how horrendously difficult it was to be Altan Trengsin, to live under the strain of a furious god constantly screaming for destruction in the back of his mind, while an indifferent narcotic deity whispered promises in his blood.

That’s why the Speerlies became addicted to opium so easily, she realized. Not because they needed it for their fire. Because for some of them, it was the only time they could get away from their horrible god.

Related Characters: Rin (Fang Runin), Altan Trengsin, Dr. Shiro, The Phoenix
Related Symbols: Opium
Page Number: 479
Explanation and Analysis: