The Waves

by

Virginia Woolf

Themes and Colors
Identity Theme Icon
The Meaning of Life  Theme Icon
Facing Loss and Death Theme Icon
The Power and Limitations of Storytelling Theme Icon
Colonialism and Conquest Theme Icon
LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in The Waves, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
Facing Loss and Death Theme Icon

Although The Waves starts when its characters are still very young, they are aware of death and loss very early on. When Bernard, Susan, Neville, Rhoda, and Jinny abandon Louis in the garden, he feels abandoned. Rhoda, meanwhile, feels her tie to humanity severed by the severe line of a zero during a math lesson, and at primary school, Susan becomes acutely homesick. At one point, Neville even overhears some adults talking about a murdered man, which is a startling introduction to the reality of death. And of course, the feeling that life is tenuous only intensifies when the six main characters lose their friend Percival to a riding accident in far-off India. In fact, acknowledging mortality seems to be an important part of growing up in the novel’s view. Percival’s death marks the transition of the six friends from the far threshold of childhood—when they gather for his farewell dinner, several of them remark on their youth—to proper adulthood. The second half of the novel sees the six protagonists struggling to come to terms with their own mortality, and it ends with a triumphant Bernard flinging himself, unafraid, into the arms of death at the end of a long and successful life.

Despite the power and omnipresence of death, the novel doesn’t give in to despair. Even Jinny, whose interest in life is superficial and who values her own beauty above all, finds reasons to keep going after the bloom of her youthful beauty has faded. Only Rhoda, whose tenuous ability to feel connected either to other people or to the flow of time itself, cannot find hope, and she eventually takes her own life. In contrast, Bernard’s sense of humanity’s unity is reinforced by the fact that he hears about Percival’s death in the very moment he’s basking in his first child’s birth. Louis imagines himself through a chain of lives extending forward and backwards in time to antiquity, Susan stores up the harvest from her gardens against the winter, and Neville distills his painful experiences into poetry. In these ways, death becomes less the negation of life than the culmination of it, the measure against which people can test themselves in order to truly live.

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Facing Loss and Death ThemeTracker

The ThemeTracker below shows where, and to what degree, the theme of Facing Loss and Death appears in each chapter of The Waves. Click or tap on any chapter to read its Summary & Analysis.
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Facing Loss and Death Quotes in The Waves

Below you will find the important quotes in The Waves related to the theme of Facing Loss and Death.
Chapter 1 Quotes

He was found in the gutter. His blood gurgled down the gutter. His jowl was white as a dead codfish. I shall call this ‘death among the apple trees’ forever. There were the floating, pale-grey clouds; and the immitigable tree; the implacable tree with its greaved silver bark. The ripple of my life was unavailing. I was unable to pass by. There was an obstacle. ‘I cannot surmount this unintelligible obstacle,’ I said. And the others passed on. But we are doomed, all of us by the apple trees, by the immitigable tree which we cannot pass.

Related Characters: Neville (speaker)
Page Number: 24-25
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 2 Quotes

“I was running,” said Jinny, “after breakfast. I saw the leaves moving in a hold in the hedge. I thought, ‘That is a bird on its nest.’ I parted them and looked; but there was no bird on a nest. The leaves went on moving. I was frightened. I ran past Susan, past Rhoda, and Neville and Bernard in the tool-house talking. I cried as I ran, faster and faster. What moves the leaves? What moves my heart, my legs? And I dashed in here, seeing you green as a bush, like a branch, very still, Louis, with your eyes fixed. ‘Is he dead?’ I thought, and kissed you, with my heart jumping under my pink frock like the leaves, which go on moving though there is nothing to move them.

Related Characters: Jinny (speaker), Bernard, Neville, Louis, Rhoda, Susan
Page Number: 13
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 6 Quotes

But who am I […]? I think sometimes (I am not twenty yet) I am not a woman, but the light that falls on this gate, on this ground. I am the seasons, I think sometimes, January, May, November; the mud, the mist, the dawn. I cannot be tossed about, or float gently, or mix with other people. […] What I give is fell. I cannot float gently, mixing with other people. I like best the stare of shepherds met in the road; the stare of gipsy women beside a cart in a ditch suckling their children as I shall suckle my children. For soon in the hot midday when bees hum around the hollyhocks my lover will come. […] I shall have children […]; a kitchen where they bring the ailing lambs to warm in baskets…

Related Characters: Susan (speaker)
Page Number: 98-99
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 8 Quotes

If I could believe […] that I should grow old in pursuit and change, I should be rid of my fear: nothing persists. One moment does not lead to another. The door opens and the tiger leaps. […] I am afraid of the shock of sensation that leaps upon me, because I cannot deal with it as you do—I cannot make one moment merge in the next. To me they are all violent, all separate […] I do not know how to run minute to minute and hour to hour, solving them by some natural force until they make the whole and indivisible mass you call life. […] And I have no face. […] I am whirled down caverns, and flap like paper against endless corridors and must press my hand against the wall to draw myself back.

Related Characters: Rhoda (speaker), Percival
Page Number: 130-131
Explanation and Analysis:

Yes, between your shoulders, over your heads, to a landscape […] to a hollow here many-backed steep hills come down like birds’ wings folded. There, on the short, firm turf, are bushes, dark leaved, and against their darkness, I see a shape, white, but not of stone, moving, perhaps alive. But it is not you, it is not you, it is not you; not Percival, Susan, Jinny, Neville, or Louis. […] It makes no sign, it does not beckon, it does not see us. Behind it roars the sea. It is beyond our reach. Yet there I venture. There I go to replenish my emptiness, to stretch my nights and fill them fuller and fuller with dreams. And for a second now, even here, I reach my object and say, ‘Wander no more. All else is trial and make-believe. Here is the end.’

Related Characters: Rhoda (speaker), Bernard, Neville, Louis, Jinny, Susan, Percival
Related Symbols: Waves
Page Number: 139
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 10 Quotes

Percival, by his death, has made me this gift, let me see the thing. There is a square; there is an oblong. The players take the square and place it upon he oblong. They place it very accurately; they make a perfect dwelling-place. Very little is left outside. The structure is now visible; what is inchoate is here stated; we are not so various or mean; we have made oblongs and stood them upon squares. This is our triumph; this is our consolation.

Related Characters: Rhoda (speaker), Percival
Page Number: 163
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 14 Quotes

Certainly, one cannot read this poem without effort. The page is often corrupt and mud-stained, and torn and stuck together with faded leaves, with scraps of verbena and geranium. To read this poem one must have myriad eyes, like one of those lamps that turn on slabs of racing water in at midnight in the Atlantic, when perhaps only a spray of seaweed pricks the surface, or suddenly the waves gape and up shoulders a monster. One must put aside antipathies and jealousies and not interrupt. One must have patience and infinite care and let the light sound, whether of spiders’ delicate feet on a leaf or the chuckle of water in some irrelevant drainpipe, unfold too. Nothing is to be rejected in fear or horror. […] One must be sceptical but throw caution to the winds and when the door opens accept absolutely.

Related Characters: Neville (speaker), Bernard
Related Symbols: Waves
Page Number: 198-199
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 16 Quotes

“Yet, Louis,” said Rhoda, “how short a time silence lasts. Already they are beginning to smooth their napkins by the side of their plates. ‘Who comes?’ says Jinny; and Neville sighs, remembering that Percival comes no more. Jinny has taken out her looking-glass. Surveying her face like an artist, she draws powder-puff down her nose, and after one moment of deliberation, has given precisely that red to her lips that the lips need. Susan, who feels scorn and fear at the sight of these preparations, fastens the top button of her coat, and unfastens it. What is she making ready for? For something, but something different.”

“They are saying to themselves,” said Louis, “‘it is time. I am still vigorous,’ they are saying, ‘My face shall be cut against the black of infinite space.’ They do not finish their sentence. ‘It is time,’ they keep saying.”

Related Characters: Louis (speaker), Rhoda (speaker), Neville, Jinny, Susan, Percival
Page Number: 226
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 18 Quotes

Life is pleasant; life is good; after Monday comes Tuesday and Wednesday follows Tuesday.

Yes, but after time with a difference. It may be that something in the look of the room one night, in the arrangement of the chairs, suggests it. […] Then it happens that two figures standing with their backs to the window appear against the branches of a spreading tree. With a shock of emotion one feels, ‘There are figures without features robed in beauty, doomed yet eternal.’

Related Characters: Bernard (speaker), Neville, Rhoda, Susan, Percival
Page Number: 271
Explanation and Analysis:

Again I see before me the usual street. The canopy of civilisation is burnt out. […] But there is a kindling in the sky whether of lamplight or of dawn. There is a stir of some sort—sparrows on plane trees somewhere chirping. There is a sense of the break of day. I will not call it dawn. What is dawn in the city to an elderly man standing in the street looking up rather dizzily at the sky? Dawn is some sort of whitening in the sky; some sort of renewal. […] The stars draw back and are extinguished. The bars deepen themselves between the waves. The film of mist thickens on the fields. A redness gathers on the roses, even on the pale rose that hangs by the bedroom window. A bird chirps. Cottagers light their early candles. Yes, this the eternal renewal, the incessant rise and fall and rise again.

Related Characters: Bernard (speaker), Rhoda
Related Symbols: Birds, Light and Dark, Waves
Page Number: 269-297
Explanation and Analysis: