The eponymous symbol at the center of the novel, the “wind-up bird,” is a bird Kumiko and Toru hear in their neighborhood that has a mechanical quality to its chirps. Kumiko suggests that the bird is responsible for winding the spring of the world, meaning that it is winding up the world to move, as one might wind the spring of a wind-up toy. Symbolically, this idea suggests a lack of free will, with each living being’s destiny merely being the consequence of that initial winding.
Throughout the novel, Toru starts to notice patterns and seeming coincidences that he never did before, causing him to wonder if he controls his own destiny or whether his life is merely unfolding according to some predetermined plan. For instance, the two most important women in his life, his wife Kumiko and Creta, a psychic whom Kumiko hires to find her and Toru’s missing cat, look strikingly similar. Moreover, Creta appears in his life as soon as Kumiko disappears. Additionally, he learns that Creta was connected to Noboru, Kumiko’s sadistic elder brother. While all this could be a coincidence, Toru increasingly feels that something or someone else is controlling his life and the reality that surrounds him.
However, Toru soon discovers the frustrating paradox at the center of his conflict: he can never know with certainty whether he is acting of his own free will or due to the will of the metaphorical wind-up bird that winds the springs of the universe. This issue frustrates Toru because it’s not the potential lack of free will that bothers him—it’s not knowing whether or not he’s in control of his destiny. Ultimately, Toru finds peace in advice of that Mr. Honda, Toru’s former spiritual guide, once gave him: that the only way to make peace with his present situation is simply to accept it. As Mr. Honda puts it, Toru should let the water carry him rather than trying to swim against it. Ultimately, then, the novel suggests that free will is a concept that should be dispensed with, as trying to prove its existence it raises more questions and problems than it can ever hope to solve. As such, people should simply go with the flow and make peace with their life and strive to find meaning in it, even if it is beyond one’s ability to control.
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Free Will Quotes in The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle
There was a small stand of trees nearby, and from it you could hear the mechanical cry of a bird that sounded as if it were winding a spring. We called it the wind-up bird. Kumiko gave it the name. We didn’t know what it was really called or what it looked like, but that didn’t bother the wind-up bird. Every day it would come to the stand of trees in our neighborhood and wind the spring of our quiet little world.
It’s not a question of better or worse. The point is, not to resist the flow. You go up when you’re supposed to go up and down when you’re supposed to go down. When you’re supposed to go up, find the highest tower and climb to the top. When you’re supposed to go down, find the deepest well and go down to the bottom. When there’s no flow, stay still. If you resist the flow, everything dries up. If everything dries up, the world is darkness.
As I sat and watched, the feeling overtook me that my very life was slowly dwindling into nothingness. There was no trace here of anything as insignificant as human undertakings. This same event had been occurring hundreds of millions—hundreds of billions—of times, from an age long before there had been anything resembling life on earth. Forgetting that I was there to stand guard, I watched the dawning of the day, entranced.
Some things I know, some things I don’t know. But you’d probably be better off not knowing, Lieutenant. It may be presumptuous of someone like me to say such big-sounding things to a college graduate like you, but a person's destiny is something you look back at after it's past, not something you see in advance. I have a certain amount of experience where these things are concerned. You don’t.
As I sat here looking at you […] I suddenly remembered the story of this shitty island. What I’m trying to say is this: A certain kind of shittiness, a certain kind of stagnation, a certain kind of darkness, goes on propagating itself with its own power in its own self-contained cycle. And once it passes a certain point, no one can stop it—even if the person himself wants to stop it.
You know, Mr. Wind-Up Bird, just about the whole time you were down in the well, I was out here sunbathing. I was watching the garden of the vacant house, and baking myself, and thinking about you in the well, that you were starving and moving closer to death little by little. I was the only one who knew you were down there and couldn't get out. And when I thought about that, I had this incredibly clear sense of what you were feeling: the pain and anxiety and fear. Do you see what I mean? By doing that, I was able to get sooo close to you! I really wasn't gonna let you die. This is true. Really. But I wanted to keep going. Right down to the wire. Right down to where you would start to fall apart and be scared out of your mind and you couldn’t take it anymore. I really felt that that would be the best thing—for me and for you.
That mark is maybe going to give you something important. But it also must be robbing you of something. Kind of like a trade-off. And if everybody keeps taking stuff from you like that, you’re going to be worn away until there’s nothing left of you.
But why Kumiko and I should have been drawn into this historical chain of cause and effect I could not comprehend. All of these events had occurred long before Kumiko and I were born.
Whether by chance conjunction or not, the ‘wind-up bird’ was a powerful presence in Cinnamon’s story. The cry of this bird was audible only to certain special people, who were guided by it toward inescapable ruin.
I brought to mind the sculpture that had stood in the garden of the abandoned Miyawaki house. In order to obliterate my presence here, I made myself one with that image of a bird. There, in the sun-drenched summer garden, I was the sculpture of a bird, frozen in space, glaring at the sky.