"The Harlem Dancer" is a sonnet by the Jamaican-American poet Claude McKay. The poem offers a tender portrait of a nightclub dancer, describing the contrast between her distracted inner thoughts and her sensual presence in the club. In doing so, the speaker highlights the tension between people's inner and outer selves, and also grants the dancer the dignity, empathy, and humanity that society would typically deny her. Though first published in 1917, the poem was reprinted in 1922 in McKay's Harlem Shadows and James Weldon Johnson's anthology The Book of American Negro Poetry. Both books were milestones of the Harlem Renaissance, a literary and artistic movement in which McKay was a central figure.
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1Applauding youths laughed with young prostitutes
2And watched her perfect, half-clothed body sway;
3Her voice was like the sound of blended flutes
4Blown by black players upon a picnic day.
5She sang and danced on gracefully and calm,
6The light gauze hanging loose about her form;
7To me she seemed a proudly-swaying palm
8Grown lovelier for passing through a storm.
9Upon her swarthy neck black shiny curls
10Luxuriant fell; and tossing coins in praise,
11The wine-flushed, bold-eyed boys, and even the girls,
12Devoured her shape with eager, passionate gaze;
13But looking at her falsely-smiling face,
14I knew her self was not in that strange place.
1Applauding youths laughed with young prostitutes
2And watched her perfect, half-clothed body sway;
3Her voice was like the sound of blended flutes
4Blown by black players upon a picnic day.
5She sang and danced on gracefully and calm,
6The light gauze hanging loose about her form;
7To me she seemed a proudly-swaying palm
8Grown lovelier for passing through a storm.
9Upon her swarthy neck black shiny curls
10Luxuriant fell; and tossing coins in praise,
11The wine-flushed, bold-eyed boys, and even the girls,
12Devoured her shape with eager, passionate gaze;
13But looking at her falsely-smiling face,
14I knew her self was not in that strange place.
Applauding youths laughed with young prostitutes
And watched her perfect, half-clothed body sway;
Her voice was like the sound of blended flutes
Blown by black players upon a picnic day.
She sang and danced on gracefully and calm,
The light gauze hanging loose about her form;
To me she seemed a proudly-swaying palm
Grown lovelier for passing through a storm.
Upon her swarthy neck black shiny curls
Luxuriant fell;
and tossing coins in praise,
The wine-flushed, bold-eyed boys, and even the girls,
Devoured her shape with eager, passionate gaze;
But looking at her falsely-smiling face,
I knew her self was not in that strange place.
Select any word below to get its definition in the context of the poem. The words are listed in the order in which they appear in the poem.
The Poem Out Loud — Listen to a reading of "The Harlem Dancer."
Electronic Edition of Harlem Shadows — An open-source edition of Harlem Shadows, McKay's groundbreaking 1922 volume in which "The Harlem Dancer" was reprinted. This link includes useful critical commentary, textual history, the original 1917 text, and other resources.
The Harlem Renaissance — A short post about the Harlem Renaissance by the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture.
McKay's Life and Work — A detailed but brief look at McKay's life and literary career, including information about his publication history and critical reception.
"Black Capital: Harlem in the 1920s" — A digital look at the New York State Museum's exhibition on the rich culture of 1920s Harlem.