Aurora Leigh

by

Elizabeth Barrett Browning

Aurora Leigh: Book 8 Summary & Analysis

Summary
Analysis
One evening in Italy, Aurora sits alone with a book while Marian is in the garden below with her child, who is now old enough to stand and talk. As Aurora is lost in thought, she is surprised to hear the voice of Romney himself. Aurora greets him, confused about how she feels, and asks if Lady Waldemar is with him. Romney promises to explain and says he has a letter from Lady Waldemar to Aurora.
Just as Aurora turned to books when she was confused back at Leigh Hall, she does so again during her period of writer’s block in Italy. And Marian’s living situation becomes even more reminiscent of Leigh Hall when Romney himself stops by for a visit, just as he used to do from school. But if this chapter suggests a return to the past, it also provides an opportunity to highlight how both Aurora and Romney have changed as people since those days at Leigh Hall.
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Romney references some news Aurora hasn’t heard, but Aurora says she’s already heard it in a letter from Vincent. She thinks he’s talking about Vincent’s marriage to Kate and says she thinks Vincent chose well. Romney isn’t so sure, and Aurora wonders if, with the fickleness of many men before him, after marrying Lady Waldemar, he decided he preferred Kate. Romney asks if Aurora received a letter from Lord Howe about a month ago, but she says she didn’t. Romney says that Sir Blaise, who it turns out didn’t recognize Aurora when she saw him earlier, was supposed to give Aurora Lord Howe’s letter, which would have explained everything about Romney’s current visit.
In this passage, Aurora assumes the worst of Romney—that he has finally given in to the superficial lifestyle around him and into conventional ideas about favorable marriage by choosing Lady Waldemar. While Aurora has been correct in her harsh judgements of Romney and his condescending attitude earlier, she has also been misled by her first impressions, like when she thought Marian had a child due to promiscuity, raising the question of whether Romney has really become as superficial as he seems.
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Romney says that if Aurora has already heard the news about him, he’s surprised she isn’t speaking with more pity. Aurora interprets this as meaning he wants pity for being Lady Waldemar’s husband, so she remains unmoved. When Romney asks about Marian, Aurora says simply that she’s doing well and has no intention of troubling Romney.
The conversation in this passage is based on a misunderstanding (that Romney has married Lady Waldemar), showing how Romney and Aurora still struggle to communicate, even after Aurora has come to Italy and tried to get in touch with her more passionate Italian side.
Themes
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Romney then tells Aurora that he’s read her book. Aurora is unimpressed, but Romney goes on about how deeply the book has moved him. He feels that the book is above him, full of knowledge of things he never considered. Romney recalls one morning when he and Aurora were talking about art before he proposed to her and says that now it’s no longer morning but night. Aurora is reluctant to talk about that day, but Romney says that she was right for rejecting him then. He says he comes to her like a child who’s been scolded and punished.
Romney’s declaration that Aurora’s book is above him is a sign of how he has begun to recognize and put aside his condescending and self-righteous tendencies from before. His words here show that he has started to learn both that Aurora has interesting things to say as a poet and also that women in general can succeed as poets. His acceptance of Aurora’s rejection shows maturity, particularly compared to how indignant and in disbelief he was when Aurora first rejected him.
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Quotes
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Romney says he used to be too wrapped up in his own dogmatic beliefs. He could hear the cries of all the needy in the world and got distracted trying to answer all of them. He realizes that his judgements of Aurora’s artistic potential were unfair and that his own charity efforts aren’t enough to change the world as he’d once hoped. Aurora says that although Romney may like her book, she feels that, like Romney, she too has failed to accomplish her goals in life, which may have been too ambitious. Still, Aurora maintains that while she has grown wiser and sadder in the time since rejecting Romney’s proposal, she still thinks she made the correct decision.
Romney continues to show the ways that he’s grown since the last time he saw Aurora. In particular, he’s begun to let go of his messiah-like idea that it’s his responsibility to change the world. He also expands on the idea that he was too quick to judge Aurora as a poet. Although Aurora does not necessarily show the same level of regret for her past actions, she uses a similar level of introspection and analysis as she considers how these past decisions led her to become the woman she currently is.
Themes
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Romney says that Aurora’s book has helped him better understand that June morning when Aurora rejected him. He says that her poems have long moved him in secret like sap in a tree, but this new book in particular helped unlock something in him. He realizes how he saw himself as trying to be a Christ-like figure saving the world, when in fact he should have been putting more faith in both God and other humans. He says he was arrogant. While Aurora agrees with Romney, she warns him not to make the same mistake by going too far in the other direction and totally giving up on his work. She believes that no honest attempt to carry out God’s work is ever fully a failure.
Aurora developed her understanding of the world through reading books, and now Romney does something similar on a more personal level, as reading Aurora’s book helps him to learn more about Aurora herself. Although Romney is right to criticize his past self for being self-righteous, instead of agreeing with him, Aurora tries to show understanding and compassion. This fits in with her Christian beliefs (where forgiveness is an important concept) as well as contrasting with the more forceful way Aurora rejected Romney during his first proposal.
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Romney continues to criticize his past charity work, but Aurora encourages him not to speak so harshly of her cousin, whom she admires. But Romney says his attempts to convert Leigh Hall into a place for the poor were particularly fruitless. He tried to create a place where the poor could take shelter and eat food. But before long, peasants started breaking the windows because they didn’t like the commotion Romney brought to the peaceful area. Rumors spread that Romney was trapping people in Leigh Hall like a prison. One day, people burned the whole house to the ground.
Romney’s past attempts at charity were flawed, but this passage also highlights some of the external obstacles he faced. The peasants who destroyed windows just because they didn’t like the noise of the new shelter are acting selfishly. Romney’s attempts to be seen as a good person paradoxically backfire, with him getting accused of running a prison. The burning of Leigh Hall is like Romney getting attacked at Marian’s wedding. While it’s possible to blame both events on external factors, they also arguably come from Romney’s own flaws, including how he always looked at the big picture without getting to know people on a personal level.
Themes
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Quotes
In his dreams, Romney sometimes still experiences the silent stillness after Leigh Hall burned down. He imagines Aurora could have turned the whole experience into a good poem and that perhaps she should visit the charred remains of the hall to get some inspiration. Aurora is moved but still doesn’t want to get too familiar with Romney, believing he’s married to Lady Waldemar.
Romney’s ambitious charity effort failed, but it also had the positive effect of teaching Romney to be humbler. The burning of Leigh Hall also has significance for Aurora—just as her father’s house in Italy was changed, now she also can’t go back to where she lived in England, suggesting it’s impossible to return to the past.
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Romney says he’s said what he intended to say and so it’ll soon be time for him to go. Aurora says she’s sorry for him but wishes him well on his travels. She says that Romney should hurry back to his wife, Lady Waldemar, who was never any friend of Aurora’s, but Aurora has no intention of ruining his happiness. Romney is surprised by this. He says he never married Lady Waldemar and is shocked that Aurora even thinks this, given how well Aurora has understood other aspects of Romney’s life. He holds out a letter from Lady Waldemar herself, which he promises will explain everything.
This chapter ends with the revelation that Romney has not in fact married Lady Waldemar, clearing up a misconception that was hanging over their whole conversation. By removing this misunderstanding, Aurora comes one step closer to truly connecting with Romney and vice versa. The fact that Romney isn’t married sets up a question for the final chapter of whether Romney has changed enough since that June morning of his proposal to finally be a suitable match for Aurora.
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