LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in Fever 1793, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
Freedom and Independence
Mothers, Daughters, and Familial Love
Disaster and Human Nature
Ingenuity, Ambition, and Survival
Summary
Analysis
Mattie hears someone saying, “Is she dead? […] I’ve got to take the bodies to the pit.” Mattie opens her eyes and sees an old woman bending over her with a candle, a man in the shadows. She’s cold and hears moaning on either side of her.
Mattie has survived her feverish collapse, but whether she’ll remain alive is uncertain. It’s clear that she must be close to death.
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Mattie drifts back into feverish dreams. In the dreams, she cries to a rushing crowd of people, “What am I supposed to do?” She sees troops of soldiers marching and Grandfather, in a bloody shirt, ordering soldiers to fire in her direction. She jerks awake, trying to separate dream from reality. Around her are the familiar smells of yellow fever.
Though she’s delirious, Mattie’s dreams reveal her deepest fears—namely, that she’ll prove unable to handle the crisis and will fail Grandfather, causing even him to turn on her.
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Mattie watches as two French-speaking orderlies carry her neighbor, a dead woman, away and then bring the mattress back, empty. The next time she wakes, she observes that she’s in a massive room with expensive carpets, furniture, and chandeliers. A woman says, “You’ve beat the Grim Reaper, you have, lassie.” The woman, a nurse, introduces herself as Mrs. Flagg.
Mattie is surrounded by the dead in some kind of makeshift hospital. However, it looks as if she’s turned a corner toward survival.
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Mrs. Flagg helps Mattie sit up and explains that Grandfather has been waiting for her this whole time. She offers Mattie a bowl of broth, but Mattie pushes it away, wanting to know how she got here. Mrs. Flagg explains that Grandfather doesn’t have yellow fever; his heart was acting up in the heat. But he is strong and carried Mattie all this way. Mattie relaxes, figuring that if Grandfather is well enough to “tell exaggerated stories,” then he must be fine.
Grandfather is known as a teller of tall tales, so Mattie doesn’t take Mrs. Flagg’s report literally. But because it’s never revealed otherwise, it can be assumed that Grandfather did, in fact, carry Mattie to the hospital, through heat and his own infirmity—showing his immense love for her.
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After Mattie finishes her broth, Grandfather appears, having “never looked so handsome or brave” as he does to Mattie now. He kisses Mattie and tells her she looks well enough to be out of bed. He also flirts with Mrs. Flagg, telling her that Bridget is “a melodious name for a beautiful lady.” Mattie rolls her eyes while Mrs. Flagg giggles.
Mattie and Grandfather are reunited, and after what they’ve been through together, Mattie feels fonder of him than ever. Mrs. Flagg also enjoys the attentions of the dashing war veteran.
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Mattie still has questions. When Mrs. Flagg explains that they are at Bush Hill, Mattie starts struggling out of bed, asking Grandfather to take her away from this “dangerous place.” Mrs. Flagg tucks her in firmly, explaining that Bush Hill “is now a respectable place.” Previously rumored to be “one step away from Hell,” filled with criminals, now Bush Hill has been transformed by Mr. Stephen Girard into “a right proper hospital,” and all the “scoundrels” have been driven off.
Mattie can’t rest until she can make sense of her circumstances—an aspect of her independent personality. And when she hears she’s at Bush Hill—previously a chaotic nightmare of a hospital—she’s ready to bolt. But the epidemic has prompted Philadelphians to undertake an emergency transformation of the place, showing how communities can rise to the occasion under pressure.
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Mr. Stephen Girard is a wealthy Frenchman, a merchant, importer, and banker. Mrs. Flagg explains that he made repairs to the mansion and brought in a French doctor, staff, and supplies. Mrs. Flagg also explains that it’s the French doctors who really know how to cure the fever, not Dr. Rush with his bleeding techniques.
Stephen Girard is a real historical figure. He led a committee, appointed by Philadelphia’s mayor, in rapidly changing the Bush Hill estate into a safer, more functional hospital. Also, he intentionally staffed the hospital with French medical workers who’d had experience of yellow fever before, especially in the West Indies.
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Grandfather further explains that they’ve been away from home for five days, and that when he checked on the coffeehouse, it was locked up tight. He assumes that Lucille has gone to her friends, the Ludingtons, to recover, and he’s sent a letter to inquire. Mattie drifts off to sleep again.
Lucille’s exact whereabouts remain a mystery, but Mattie is satisfied that she and her loved ones are safe and sufficiently accounted for at the moment.