LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in Fever 1793, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
Freedom and Independence
Mothers, Daughters, and Familial Love
Disaster and Human Nature
Ingenuity, Ambition, and Survival
Summary
Analysis
Three days later, every chair in the coffeehouse is filled, and “the air [is] thick again with arguments, tobacco smoke, and the smell of fresh coffee and cakes.” Mattie circulates with free samples of apple cake. She’s full of ideas, too—they could deliver small cakes to the State House with handbills advertising the coffeehouse, for example. Nathaniel offers to paint a sign for the front of the store. As he leaves for his work at Peale’s, Eliza concedes that Nathaniel is “useful, for a painter.”
It doesn’t take long for the coffeehouse to revive, showing the city’s readiness to get back to normal. Mattie immediately puts some of her new ideas in motion, showing her creativity and ambition. And Nathaniel is winning even Eliza’s heart by showing himself to have a practical side. He’s here to stay and shows his steadfast support of Mattie.
Active
Themes
After her next round of refilling coffee cups, Mattie surveys the room and admires Nathaniel’s bright paintings. Next spring, she might buy the adjacent lot so that she can expand. Everything is going well, and yet “I felt hollow.” She has lost so much. Before she can dwell on memories, however, Nathaniel bursts into the coffeehouse again and reports that President Washington has returned and is coming down the street. Everyone pushes their way out the door to see for themselves.
Though Mattie is excited about her plans going forward, she also recognizes that the tragedies of the epidemic will never leave her. Success and independence can’t make up for human loss.
Active
Themes
Nathaniel and Mattie watch the President riding down the street, an assurance that the fever is truly over. Mattie spontaneously kisses Nathaniel’s cheek. As people drift back toward the coffeehouse, Nathaniel notices a “scraggly parade of wagons and carriages” trailing the president’s entourage. One carriage pulls up to the coffeehouse. The driver and a woman are helping a frail, gray-haired woman out of the carriage. When the woman raises her face, Mattie sees that Mother has come home.
President Washington’s reappearance in the temporary capital assures everyone that it’s safe to live here once again—hence those who waited for this signal before reentering Philadelphia. Among these is Mother—looking very different from the strong, stoic woman at the beginning of the story.