Giuseppe Mazzini was an Italian activist, philosopher, and journalist who helped lead the reunification of Italy in the mid-1800s. Although he did participate in military campaigns alongside leaders like Giuseppe Garibaldi, Mazzini was primarily a theorist. Mazzini’s vision of Italian nationhood, which involved citizens morally developing themselves to become truly independent, is similar to the editor’s view of Swaraj (or home rule) in India. However, the editor points out that the armed reunification campaign did not achieve Mazzini’s vision, which demonstrates why India should opt for as strategy of passive resistance instead.