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Test your knowledge of Chapter 13. Submit your answers to see your results and get feedback.
Why, according to Hobbes, can only the sovereign power be considered the supreme power?
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Because it is derived from the inherent superiority of a single individual
Because it represents the collective power and will of the people in a commonwealth
Because it is appointed by divine right and religious sanction
Because it is the only power capable of enforcing laws through physical force
What does Hobbes suggest about the nature of human desires and competition?
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That competition is healthy and promotes growth and development among people
That human desires naturally lead to cooperation and mutual assistance
That people's roughly equal perception of wisdom leads to harmony and understanding among people
That competing desires for the same object make people enemies, potentially leading to violence
How does Hobbes equate the state of nature with a state of war?
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By arguing that the state of nature inherently includes the intention or desire for battle, thus constituting a state of war
By stating that both are characterized by peace and cooperation among people
By suggesting that the state of nature is a peaceful existence that only becomes a state of war through the establishment of government
By claiming that the state of war only exists in nature when there is actual physical combat
What does Hobbes say about the condition of life in the state of nature?
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It is characterized by cooperation, scientific advancement, and social harmony
It is solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short, with constant fear and danger of violence
It is peaceful and nurturing, promoting the development of culture and knowledge
It is a period of enlightenment, where people are free from societal constraints and live in harmony with nature
What does Hobbes see as the reason for the transition from nature to civil society?
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To establish a hierarchy based on strength and wisdom
To perpetuate the natural state of war and conflict
To create a common power that stops violence and enforces laws
To allow for the natural development of culture, science, and industry
What passions predispose people to peace?
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Desire for power, ambition, and recognition
Fear of death, desire for necessities like food and shelter, and hope to obtain these necessities
Envy, greed, and desire for revenge
Curiosity, desire for knowledge, and appreciation for beauty
