The paper birds that the madwoman makes in her cell in the Tower represent how hope grows over the course of the novel. As the madwoman gradually discovers that Sister Ignatia thrives on others’ sorrow and hopelessness, the madwoman learns how to shut her own sadness in. As she does, she learns to perform magic and in doing so, cultivate hope within herself. This culminates in the paper birds, which allow the woman to keep hoping for the possibility of escaping her imprisonment and reuniting with her long-lost daughter, Luna. They do so by protecting the madwoman and her daughter (as when they attack Sister Ignatia) and eventually helping her to escape and find her Luna. The fact that the birds are made of paper and are created by the madwoman speaks to the fact that while hope may exist naturally in the world (as real birds do), it’s also possible to create hope for oneself through dedicated work.
