Robert Burns (1759–1796) was a Scottish poet who is considered the national poet of Scotland. Matthew Arnold looks closely at Burns’s verse, which he clearly admires, and explains why it falls short of the high seriousness required of poetry of the first rank. Arnold points to Burns’s verse as an example of poetry that is especially likely to be subject to the personal estimate, since Scottish readers are likely to be especially fond of it and to overlook its flaws.