Mortal Engines

by

Philip Reeve

Mortal Engines: Chapter 1 Summary & Analysis

Summary
Analysis
One windy afternoon in spring, the Traction City of London goes hunting after a small mining town across a barren stretch of land that used to be the North Sea. Big cities like London can move around on tank-like tracks, and they eat up smaller, rural cities in a place known as the Hunting Ground. The mining town sees London coming and tries to flee.
The opening lines of the book help establish its unusual setting. The tracks that London moves around on resemble the treads on a tank, recalling the World Wars when tanks moved around Europe. In this passage, London hunts a smaller rural mining town, metaphorically representing the conflict between urban and rural with violent imagery.
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Quotes
At London’s Museum of Natural History, a 15-year-old apprentice named Tom Natsworthy feels the city begin to move under him. He’s lived in London his whole life and knows this feeling well. Tom’s boss, Chudleigh Pomeroy, comes in and asks what’s going on. Like all Guild members, Pomeroy has a Guild-mark on his forehead. Tom explains to Pomeroy that a chase has begun. Tom asks to go see the chase, but Pomeroy forbids him.
This novel follows the familiar pattern of many young adult fantasy novels, depicting the normal daily life of the protagonist before he is summoned to adventure. The story continues to slowly introduce new fantasy concepts, including Guilds. Guilds are associations of workers dating back to medieval times, but which take on even more significance in this future London, as shown by the fact that people get permanent markers of their Guild applied to their foreheads.
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After Pomeroy leaves, however, Tom decides that since the museum is closed to the public, he’ll go ahead and watch the chase anyway. As he slips out of the museum, he passes 35th-century ceramics and a 21st-century exhibit of the ancient gods Pluto and Mickey from the lost country of America. As Tom exits the museum, he goes from the street-level Tier Two of London to Tier One near the rooftops. There, he joins a crowd of people watching a camera at Tier Six, where an announcer describes the action. The announcer says London is moving toward the mining town of Salthook at a rate of 80 miles per hour.
Mortal Engines is a “steampunk” novel. While steampunk often refers to alternate history versions of the 19th century with more advanced technology, the author establishes early that this book actually takes place in the distant future. The relics of Pluto and Mickey (popular Disney characters) in the museum are humorous, suggesting one of two possibilities: that the people of the distant future don’t understand the artifacts they discover in America, or perhaps they do understand and have decided that Mickey (embodying entertainment and corporations) really must have been the most important “god” in America.
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Tom decides to go to an observation deck so he can watch the chase in person instead of on camera. He heads to Bloomsbury Park, which isn’t a real park anymore but a place to produce food, mainly cabbage and algae. The crowd at the park is even bigger, and a fellow apprentice named Herbert Melliphant sees Tom and greets him. Melliphant cheers London on as it goes after the salt-mining town. Tom doesn’t like Melliphant because he’s a bully, albeit a subtle one who uses words instead of physical violence. Tom knows Melliphant is only talking to him because Melliphant wants to impress Clyde “Clytie” Potts, another Historian standing near them. Historians are one of the four Great Guilds that rule London.
Many of the landmarks from real London show up in this future London, but as the cabbage and algae plots in Bloomsbury Park show, these landmarks have transformed to fit the new setting. The bully Melliphant cheers to London to devour the smaller town, suggesting that London itself may be the bully in the situation, although Tom himself hasn’t reached this realization yet. Notably, Melliphant himself doesn’t physically bully people, signifying how the way London eats other cities may not seem violent to the people in London.
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As London approaches Salthook, airships of Salthook residents flee their city. Clytie is a more advanced Historian than Tom or Melliphant, so she seems bored by the hunt. Tom watches tiny people scurrying around down in Salthook and reminds himself that he shouldn’t feel sorry for them, since it was the natural order for big cities like London to eat small towns like Salthook. This is also known as Municipal Darwinism. It’s been this way ever since Nikolas Quirke made London the first Traction City. Soon, Salthook loses a wheel, slowing down, and the Jaws of London close around it.
“Municipal Darwinism” is a parody of the real 19th- and early 20th-century concept of “Social Darwinism,” which claimed to apply scientific Darwinian ideas to human populations, but which was more often just an excuse for racist beliefs like eugenics and colonialism. The term Municipal Darwinism makes the whole process sound less violent, and Tom’s distance from the action (the people of Salthook look like little ants to him) help him justify London’s actions.
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People on the observation deck cheer the capture. Clytie invites Tom to a celebration party, which annoys Melliphant. Melliphant tries to explain that Tom is lower-class, with parents who lived on Tier Four until one day an accident called the Big Tilt killed both of them. Tom gets angry and hits Melliphant without thinking. But Melliphant is much bigger and hits back hard. Tom tries to run away, but as he does, he runs into Pomeroy.
Earlier parts of the book have hinted at a rigid class system in London (for example, the Guild-Mark that Pomeroy has but Tom doesn’t yet). The reference to Tiers suggests that class is so important to future London that it literally defines the layout of the city, with people of lower social classes forced to live in the lower tiers.
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