Bryon is the protagonist of the novel. When the story opens, he’s 16 years old and lives with his mother and his best friend, Mark. Bryon is initially driven by an immature selfishness and…
read analysis of Bryon Douglas
Mark Jennings
Mark is Bryon’s 15-year-old best friend. When Mark was nine years old, his parents killed each other during a drunken fight and Bryon’s mother subsequently took him in. Since then, Bryon and Mark have…
read analysis of Mark Jennings
Charlie
Charlie is the owner and bartender at Charlie’s Bar, a local establishment that Bryon and Mark frequent. Charlie allows them to sneak in despite being underage, though he refuses to serve them alcohol. Bryon and…
read analysis of Charlie
Cathy Carlson
Cathy is Bryon’s girlfriend and M&M’s older sister. Bryon describes Cathy as very honest and sensible. At the beginning of the story, Cathy returns to Tulsa from a private school because she ran…
read analysis of Cathy Carlson
M&M Carlson
M&M is Bryon and Mark’s friend and Cathy’s younger brother. Bryon describes 13-year-old M&M as trusting, intelligent, serious, and “a little strange.” His nickname derives from the fact that he is obsessed with…
read analysis of M&M Carlson
Get the entire That Was Then, This Is Now LitChart as a printable PDF.
"My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." -Graham S.
Angela is Bryon’s ex-girlfriend and Curly and Tim Shepard’s sister. Bryon describes Angela as very beautiful, with long, dark curls—but also as very bitter and mean. He explains that their relationship largely consisted…
read analysis of Angela Shepard
Bryon’s Mother
Bryon’s mother is characterized primarily by her selflessness. Bryon frequently states that she puts others ahead of herself—proven by the fact that she takes Mark in when he is nine years old, after his parents…
read analysis of Bryon’s Mother
Ponyboy Curtis
Curtis is a classmate of Bryon and Mark. Initially, Bryon dislikes Curtis because Bryon’s ex-girlfriend Angela broke up with him in order to pursue Curtis. Curtis ignores Angela, however—and one night at a party…
read analysis of Ponyboy Curtis
The Texans
The Texans, Dirty Dave and his unnamed friend, are two men whom Bryon and Markhustle at pool at Charlie’s Bar. When the Texans realize that Bryon and Mark cheated them, they hold the…
read analysis of The Texans
Mr. Carlson
Mr. Carlson is Cathy and M&M’s father and Mrs. Carlson’s husband. Mr. Carlson makes fun of M&M for his long hair and poor grades, and when his son goes missing, he dismisses the…
read analysis of Mr. Carlson
Curly Shepard
Curly is Bryon and Mark’s classmate and Angela’s older brother. Like Bryon and Mark, Curly enjoys fighting and belongs to a gang headed by his older brother Tim. At the beginning of…
read analysis of Curly Shepard
Mike Chambers
Mike is a young man who’s staying in a hospital room across the hall from Bryon’s mother at the beginning of the novel. Bryon’s mother points out that Mike never gets visitors, so Bryon and…
read analysis of Mike Chambers
Connie
Connie is a young woman who features in Mike’s story of how he got badly injured. Mike’s friends, who are white, were harassing Connie, who is black, in a drugstore. Mike intervened and offered…
read analysis of Connie
Minor Characters
Tim Shepard
Tim is Curly and Angela’s older brother. Tim leads a gang of his brothers that they call the “Shepard Gang.” After Mark cuts Angela’s hair off, Tim and Curly find Bryon and beat him up.
Mrs. Carlson
Mrs. Carlson is Cathy and M&M’s mother and Mr. Carlson’s wife.