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The Charles family’s piano, which resides in Berniece’s house, symbolizes the family’s history and identity—both their past sorrows and their hopes for the future. The piano belonged to the Sutter family, who once enslaved Berniece’s and Boy Willie’s ancestors. The Sutters traded the Charles siblings’ great-grandmother Mama Berniece and grandfather Papa Boy Charles for the piano, and their great-grandfather Papa Boy Willie carved beautiful images of his wife and son on the piano in remembrance of them. A couple of generations later, Boy Willie’s and Berniece’s father, Boy Charles, stole the piano back from the Sutters, believing that as long as it remained in their hands, the Sutters would continue to own a piece of the Charles family. In this way, the piano is a tangible representation of the Charleses’ painful legacy. This is why Berniece resists letting Boy Willie sell the piano, and also why she avoids playing it or passing down its legacy to her daughter Maretha: she fears calling up sorrowful memories and letting loose their power in her life. At the end of the play, however, Berniece finally plays the piano while calling upon her ancestors for help. This represents her newfound openness to honestly facing the past, ridding her home of haunting memories, and thereby opening the way to a better future.
Piano Quotes in The Piano Lesson
The The Piano Lesson quotes below all refer to the symbol of Piano. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
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Act 1, Scene 1
Quotes
BOY WILLIE: Sutter’s brother selling the land. He say he gonna sell it to me. That’s why I come up here. I got one part of it. Sell them watermelons and get me another part. Get Berniece to sell that piano and I’ll have the third part.
DOAKER: Berniece ain’t gonna sell that piano.
BOY WILLIE: I’m gonna talk to her. When she see I got a chance to get Sutter’s land she’ll come around.
DOAKER: You can put that thought out your mind. Berniece ain’t gonna sell that piano.
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DOAKER: You know she won’t touch that piano. I ain’t never known her to touch it since Mama Ola died. That’s over seven years now. She say it got blood on it. She got Maretha playing on it though. Say Maretha can go on and do everything she can’t do. Got her in an extra school down at the Irene Kaufman Settlement House. She want Maretha to grow up and be a schoolteacher. Say she good enough she can teach on the piano.
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That’s why I come up here. Sell them watermelons. Get Berniece to sell that piano. Put them two parts with the part I done saved. Walk in there. Tip my hat. Lay my money down on the table. Get my deed and walk on out. This time I get to keep all the cotton. Hire me some men to work it for me. Gin my cotton. Get my seed. And I’ll see you again next year. Might even plant some tobacco or some oats.
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Act 1, Scene 2
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Boy Charles used to talk about that piano all the time. He never could get it off his mind. […] He be talking about taking it out of Sutter’s house. Say it was the story of our whole family and as long as Sutter had it…he had us. Say we was still in slavery. Me and Wining Boy tried to talk him out of it but it wouldn’t do any good. Soon as he quiet down about it he’d start up again. We seen where he wasn’t gonna get it off his mind…so, on the Fourth of July, 1911…when Sutter was at the picnic what the county give every year…me and Wining Boy went on down there with him and took that piano out of Sutter’s house.
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BOY WILLIE: All that’s in the past. If my daddy had seen where he could have traded that piano in for some land of his own, it wouldn’t be sitting up here now. He spent his whole life farming on somebody else’s land. I ain’t gonna do that. See, he couldn’t do no better. When he come along he ain’t had nothing he could build on. His daddy ain’t had nothing to give him. The only thing my daddy had to give me was that piano. And he died over giving me that. I ain’t gonna let it sit up there and rot without trying to do something with it.
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Mama Ola polished this piano with her tears for seventeen years. For seventeen years she rubbed on it till her hands bled. Then she rubbed the blood in…mixed it up with the rest of the blood on it. Every day that God breathed life into her body she rubbed and cleaned and polished and prayed over it. “Play something for me, Berniece. Play something for me, Berniece.” […] You always talking about your daddy but you ain’t never stopped to look at what his foolishness cost your mama. Seventeen years’ worth of cold nights and an empty bed. For what?
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Act 2, Scene 2
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I was only playing it for her. When my daddy died seem like all her life went into that piano. She used to have me playing on it […] say when I played it she could hear my daddy talking to her. I used to think them pictures came alive and walked through the house. Sometime late at night I could hear my mama talking to them. I said that wasn’t gonna happen to me. I don’t play that piano cause I don’t want to wake them spirits. They never be walking around in this house.
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AVERY: You got to put all of that behind you, Berniece. That’s the same thing like Crawley. Everybody got stones in their passway. You got to step over them or walk around them. You picking them up and carrying them with you. All you got to do is set them down by the side of the road. You ain’t got to carry them with you. You can walk over there right now and play that piano. You can walk over there right now and God will walk over there with you. […] You can walk over here right now and make it into a celebration.
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Act 2, Scene 5
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You ought to mark down on the calendar the day that Papa Boy Charles brought that piano into the house. You ought to mark that day down and draw a circle around it . . . and every year when it come up throw a party. Have a celebration. If you did that she wouldn’t have no problem in life. She could walk around here with her head held high. […] You got her going out here thinking she wrong in the world. Like there ain’t no part of it belong to her.
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AVERY: Berniece, I can’t do it.
(There are more sounds heard from upstairs. DOAKER and WINING BOY stare at one another in stunned disbelief. It is in this moment, from somewhere old, that BERNIECE realizes what she must do. She crosses to the piano. She begins to play. The song is found piece by piece. It is an old urge to song that is both a commandment and a plea. With each repetition it gains in strength. It is intended as an exorcism and a dressing for battle[.])
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Get the entire The Piano Lesson LitChart as a printable PDF.
Piano Symbol Timeline in The Piano Lesson
The timeline below shows where the symbol Piano appears in The Piano Lesson. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
The Setting
...house. Doaker lives with his niece Berniece and Berniece’s 11-year-old daughter, Maretha. An old upright piano sits in the parlor; on the piano’s legs are gracefully wrought carvings resembling African sculpture.
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Act 1, Scene 1
...offer to help pay for food. Wining Boy used to be a musician, playing the piano and even making a couple of records. But now, he mostly wanders around. Boy Willie...
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Lymon notices the family piano. Boy Willie points out how beautifully polished it is, as well as the pictures carved...
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Doaker continues that Berniece hasn’t played the piano since Mama Ola died seven years ago. Berniece claims the piano “got blood on it.”...
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...he doesn’t believe that Sutter’s ghost would be looking for him—Sutter was looking for the piano. He tells Berniece that if she wants to get rid of Sutter’s ghost, she needs...
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...how big she’s gotten. He also teaches her how to improvise a boogie-woogie on the piano. When Maretha admits she doesn’t know anything about the pictures carved on the piano, Boy...
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Act 1, Scene 2
Then, Boy Willie encourages Wining Boy to play the piano for them, but Wining Boy declines. He says he’s given up the piano and that...
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After they admire Berniece’s piano, Doaker starts telling Lymon the story behind Berniece’s refusal to give it up. It dates...
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...Berniece’s and Papa Boy Charles’s company and labor. When it proved impossible to trade the piano back for the slaves, Ophelia began pining away. Then, Robert Sutter summoned Doaker’s grandfather Papa...
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...oldest of the three brothers and Berniece’s and Boy Willie’s father), talked about the Sutter piano all his life. He always said that the piano contained the story of their family...
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...all in the past. If Boy Charles had known that he could trade in the piano for some land, it wouldn’t have wound up sitting in Pittsburgh. Boy Willie refuses to...
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Wining Boy sits down at the piano and begins playing and singing. Berniece and Maretha enter, and Berniece greets Wining Boy briefly...
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...dinner, but Boy Willie keeps talking. He argues that the only thing that makes the piano valuable is his great-grandfather’s carvings. If Berniece were offering piano lessons to help pay the...
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Berniece stands by the piano and tells Boy Willie to look at it. She says that Mama Ola polished the...
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Act 2, Scene 1
...he hasn’t told Berniece this, he saw Sutter’s ghost before she did, sitting at the piano with his hand resting on his head, just like Berniece said. The ghost didn’t seem...
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...Sutter in the well. Rather, he thinks that Sutter is haunting them because of the piano—he saw the piano keys being invisibly played one time. He figures that Berniece needs to...
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...have it for $3. Lymon agrees and talks Boy Willie, who’s preoccupied about fitting the piano into the truck, into going to the picture show that evening to meet some women.
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...pay the bail, the sheriff demanded an additional $100. She found Wining Boy playing the piano at a saloon and asked for help. Wining Boy knew that if she didn’t come...
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Act 2, Scene 2
...Berniece could start a church choir. If Boy Willie saw that Berniece was using the piano for that, perhaps he would change his mind about selling it. Berniece says that she...
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Berniece says that Maretha doesn’t know anything about the piano’s history. Berniece doesn’t want to burden her with it. Berniece hopes that Maretha will have...
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Act 2, Scene 4
...the floor and tells him to get up—he’s called the musical instrument collector about the piano, so they have to get it loaded onto the truck. As they each take a...
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As Lymon and Boy Willie continue to wrestle with the piano, Doaker comes in and orders them, with quiet authority, to leave the piano alone until...
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Act 2, Scene 5
...on, and he explains that Boy Willie and Lymon are getting ready to move the piano. Berniece says that she’s done playing around with Boy Willie; she warns her brother that...
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...Boy Willie criticizes Berniece. He tells her that she ought to tell Maretha about the piano instead of acting like she’s ashamed of it. She should celebrate the piano and its...
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...all in Berniece’s imagination. Before Avery can start, Lymon enters with a rope for the piano, saying he’d run into Grace and bought her a drink. As he and Boy Willie...
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As Lymon and Boy Willie get ready to move the piano, everyone senses the presence of Sutter’s ghost. Grace leaves, uneasy, and Lymon runs out after...
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...stunned moments, Berniece abruptly realizes what she has to do: she sits down at the piano and begins picking out an improvised song. The song grows more confident and powerful as...
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