LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in The Poppy War, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
Dehumanization and the Horrors of War
Identity, Cultural Trauma, and Coming of Age
The Purpose of Education
Addiction, Drugs, and Control
History
Summary
Analysis
Tikany celebrated last time a student was accepted to Sinegard. This time, the nobles are so embarrassed that a poor orphan got in that when Rin goes to enroll at the town hall, the proctors accuse her of cheating. When her charges are eventually cleared, they ask Rin to leave the province quietly. Saying goodbye to Auntie Fang and Uncle Fang is easy, but Kesegi clings to Rin and begs her to stay. Rin comforts him for a moment, but then she shoves him away. Tutor Feyrik accompanies Rin to Sinegard, regaling her with stories and warnings about the capital during the two weeks that their caravan travels north. He encourages her to cut off her long braids so she isn’t as easy to snatch off the street and force into sexual slavery. Rin does so that night, dropping the braids on the road.
Immediately upon gaining acceptance into Sinegard, Rin begins to experience just how intent Nikan’s upper classes are in keeping the poor and powerless impoverished, and the wealthy and powerful in power. Rin continues to have to fight to establish herself as a deserving student. Despite his initial skepticism that Rin would make it this far, Tutor Feyrik now shows how supportive he is of his pupil as he escorts her north and offers advice to keep her safe.
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Themes
Finally, the caravan reaches the capital. It’s forced to stop outside Sinegard’s gates, though, so the Militia soldiers can inspect Federation soldiers for weapons. Rin wants to gawk at the Federation soldiers. Like everyone born after the Second Poppy War, she’s never seen anyone from Mugen. But Tutor Feyrik warns Rin to never even look at them: Nikan only barely won the last war, and the Mugenese are dangerous and have diplomatic immunity. Eventually, the caravan enters the city. Rin is stuck by how light everyone’s skin is, and she’s overwhelmed as street vendors offer their various goods and services for exorbitant prices. She and Tutor Feyrik also struggle to understand the dialect, so they hire a rickshaw to take them to the Academy. A nearby carriage hits a child—and the driver then kills the child to avoid having to make disability payments to him. Rin nearly vomits.
Tutor Feyrik reaffirms that Nikan isn’t stable, and it has in no way recovered or moved on from its recent conflicts with the Federation of Mugen. He essentially calls Rin out for being naive: the Federation soldiers aren’t roadside attractions, as they still pose risks to Nikara. Entering Sinegard is a wake-up call for Rin, and it immediately makes her feel unmoored and as though she doesn’t fit in. Immediately, Rin picks up on the inhumanity that seems to plague the city. This is a place where girls like Rin are kidnapped and sold into sexual slavery, and where it’s considered a good idea to kill a child because it’s cheaper that way. The heartlessness is chilling, and Rin’s emotional reaction to it highlights her humanity.
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Unlike the frightening city of Sinegard, Sinegard Academy is gorgeous and quiet, with beautiful landscaping. An older student named Tobi gives Rin, Tutor Feyrik, and another new student and his mother a tour. The other student is extremely handsome but looks resentful and mean. Tobi leads the group through the Academy’s seven tiers, scoffing when he learns that Rin is from the south. Following this, Rin and Tutor Feyrik say goodbye. Crying, Rin runs into his arms and says that nobody seems to want her here. Tutor Feyrik says they don’t: the wealthy don’t want the poor to have any upward mobility, but Rin should embrace her outsider status and remember that she earned her place here. He tells her to never return to the south.
Tutor Feyrik offers Rin a new way to look at her identity: she shouldn’t try to integrate into the upper classes. Rather, she should define herself as an outsider and an underdog and just let that be her identity and be okay. This isn’t going to be an easy proposition though, as Rin’s tears upon saying goodbye to her tutor and noting that nobody wants her here suggest. She wants community, and ideally she would like to have positive relationships with her classmates.
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Themes
Once Tutor Feyrik leaves, Rin tries to regain composure, reminding herself that this is better than being married. But then she hears the boy from the tour mocking her—and mocking Tutor Feyrik. Rin can deal with bullying directed at her, but she can’t forgive anyone who mocks her tutor. She punches the boy in the eye. An apprentice immediately rushes to separate Rin and the boy, asking for their names. The boy’s name is Nezha. The apprentice accepts Rin’s explanation that Nezha insulted her tutor and tells Nezha to calm down. Nezha, though, threatens to kill Rin.
Not everyone, fortunately, is as rude and superior as Nezha: this apprentice seems to fully accept Rin’s right to be at Sinegard and her reason for punching Nezha. This offers some hope that Rin will be able to find a place here among her more accepting classmates and that she’ll be able to construct an identity for herself as an insider rather than as an unwanted interloper.