When Flory thinks about the Burmese women with whom he’s had sex, it’s ambiguous whether he feels “self-loathing” due to his sexual exploitation of these women in a colonial context—or due to a racist belief that having interracial sex is somehow degrading for a white man. Both motives, the anti-imperialist and the racist, may be in play. Ma Hla May’s blackmail of Flory and his cursing at her, calling her a bitch, emphasizes that their relationship was mutually exploitative rather than loving: she used him for money and status while he used her for sex. Meanwhile, Flory’s sense that “someone else [is] egging” Ma Hla May on may foreshadow a puppet-master behind her attempts at blackmail.