Minor Characters
Warm Sky/David
Warm Sky is Oona and Michael’s eldest son.
Brother/John
Brother is Oona and Michael’s younger son.
Carl/Two Standing
Carl is Oona’s great-grandson. He takes over the family farm when Oona grows old.
Mary
Mary is a little Ojibway girl who finds an aging Oona to learn stories about Ojibway culture. Mary revives Oona’s spirits, as Oona now knows that Mary will be able to learn the stories and pass them on, enabling Ojibway culture to survive.
Ignatia’s Husband
Ignatia’s husband is a Native American veteran whom Ignatia meets when he returns from fighting in World War II. He lives in poverty with Ignatia for a few years before dying in the Korean War.
A-bo-wi-ghi-shig/Warm Sky
A-bo-wi-ghi-shig is the leader in Oona’s village, before settlers displace the villagers from their homelands.
E-quay
E-quay is Oona’s cousin. They experience a similar life, growing up together, both in the wilderness and on the reservation. Later in life, E-quay and Oona’s families live together, collectively working on their farm. E-quay and Oona’s kinship exemplifies the strong sense of community and sharing in Ojibway culture.
Walter
Walter is a farmer who marries E-quay. He dies during a fatal accident at the lumberyard where he works.
A-ki-wa-a-si
A-ki-wa-a-si is an old man in Oona’s wilderness community.
The Clansman
The clansman is a Native American from a neighboring area who comes to warn Oona’s community about strange people (meaning white settlers) who are seizing land and ripping up the forest.
The Stranger
The stranger is a white man who discovers Oona’s family in the wilderness. He leads them to the reservation where they end up settling. Despite the fact that he arrives in the village to displace Oona’s family, they still host him through the winter, showing their hospitality and warmth.
The Agent
The agent is the white man who runs the reservation where Oona’s family lives. He teaches the Ojibway about currency, and he gradually makes the Ojibway replace their traditional lifestyle with a European-inspired Christian lifestyle, like his own.
The Agent’s Wife
Oona’s mother learns about the settlers’ culture when she works as a cleaner for the agent’s wife. The agent’s wife is a kind, honest woman whom the Ojibway respect.
Sam
Sam is an Ojibway man who works with the agent. He tells Oona’s family about the new law requiring Native children to attend Christian school.
David
David is one of Oona’s cousins. He’s the first in his family to attend Christian school and integrate into the strangers’ culture. At the end of the story, he leaves the family to enter the strangers’ society, hoping to teach them more about Ojibway culture.
Gitchi Manito
Gitchi Manito is the spiritual deity in Ojibway culture. The Ojibway believe that Gitchi Manito watches over them and their forest ecosystem, helping the Ojibway to live in harmony with their natural environment.