The Vanishing Half

by

Brit Bennett

The Vanishing Half: Chapter 3 Summary & Analysis

Summary
Analysis
When Desiree and Stella reached New Orleans as young girls, they found work at a laundromat despite the fact that they weren’t old enough for full-time employment. Life was hard, and Desiree often considered calling it quits and returning to Mallard. To her surprise, though, Stella always encouraged her to stay. Although she’d been reluctant to leave home, she now seemed motivated to make it in New Orleans.  One day, she said that she should have left home without Stella. She felt bad, she said, for dragging her sister into such a hard life. The comment offended Stella, who said that Desiree would never leave her behind—and it was true, she wouldn’t. At that point in their lives, Desiree liked to think that Stella needed her, and Stella was happy to indulge this thought.
The sisterly dynamic between Desiree and Stella takes on a new complexity in this section, illustrating the shifting ways in which the twins support and depend on each other. Desiree has always been the dominant, more adventurous sister, but that doesn’t necessarily mean she’s more independent than Stella. Rather, she has gotten used to Stella’s companionship, which has perhaps given her the courage to present herself as brave and independent. In reality, though, she isn’t quite as confident or self-sufficient as it might seem, since her self-assuredness is actually rooted in her relationship with Stella and her sense that her sister will always be there to support her—which, of course, won’t always be the case.
Themes
Companionship, Support, and Independence Theme Icon
Quotes
In the present, Desiree starts working at Lou’s Egg House as a waitress. One day, Early comes to see her. He asks if her husband knows how to find her mother’s house. She says no, but he keeps asking questions to make sure Sam won’t be able to find her on his own. When he asks why Desiree isn’t in touch with Stella, she says that Stella left her 13 years ago because she “took a job.” Stella needed a new job after getting fired from the laundromat, so she applied to work in an office in the Maison Blanche building. The office would never hire a Black woman, but Desiree encouraged Stella to apply anyway—the employers never needed to know her racial identity. Stella got the job and then, a year later, disappeared into a new life.
It now becomes clear how, exactly, Stella ended up starting a new life while passing as a white woman. It wasn’t the case that she randomly decided to pass as white and left Desiree behind all at once. In fact, Desiree encouraged her to pose as white because it was the only way she would be able to find a good job. The fact that she initially passed as white because it was necessary for her and Desiree’s financial survival is a good reminder of just how difficult it was in the mid-1900s to secure economic stability as a Black person facing constant racism. Stella didn’t start passing as white simply because she felt like trying out a new identity—she did it because she had to. 
Themes
Race and Identity Theme Icon
Companionship, Support, and Independence Theme Icon
Class and Privilege Theme Icon
Quotes
Early offers to help Desiree find Stella. He’s good at hunting people down, he tells her, and though she’s hesitant at first, she goes along with the idea. He has to go to Texas to find a fugitive, but then he and Desiree can go to New Orleans together and see if they can dig anything up about Stella’s whereabouts. While on the job in Texas, all he can think about is Desiree. Eventually, he calls Sam and lies to him, saying that Desiree can’t be found. Sam insists that Early must not have looked hard enough, but Early just hangs up the phone.
Early’s decision to not tell Sam where Desiree is demonstrates two things: that he’s a good person who doesn’t want to put Desiree in danger, and that he cares more about his relationship with Desiree than he cares about earning money. Having reestablished their connection, he makes plans with Desiree to search for Stella, managing to find a way to help her while also making an excuse to spend more time with her.
Themes
Loss, Memory, and Inheritance Theme Icon
Companionship, Support, and Independence Theme Icon
Time passes. It’s been a month since Desiree came back to Mallard with Jude. Everyone expected her to leave, but she doesn’t, which makes some townspeople uncomfortable, since they’re not used to having children as dark as Jude in the community. Nonetheless, Desiree doesn’t leave, instead spending her days at the diner and talking to Early on the phone at the end of each shift.
Slowly but surely, Desiree settles into a life in Mallard. Even though she couldn’t wait to leave town as a child, she now finds herself living at home once again. The fact that she stays possibly suggests that she was never quite as independent as it seemed—after all, she only felt comfortable leaving Mallard because she had Stella there to support her. Now that she’s on her own again, she doesn’t mind the idea of living back in Mallard once again. 
Themes
Companionship, Support, and Independence Theme Icon
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Before Early left for Texas, he told Desiree that Sam had hired him to find her, but he promised he wouldn’t reveal her whereabouts. He also said he was willing to find Stella without getting paid, and though Adele thinks he’s just telling Desiree what she wants to hear, she’s hopeful that he might actually be able to help. Adele, however, points out that Stella clearly doesn’t want to be found, and that Desiree should let her live her life in peace. In response, Desiree insists that whatever existence Stella is leading right now isn’t her real life—she’s just pretending.
Desiree and Adele’s disagreement about Stella and her new life brings up an important question: does “passing” as white require people to hide who they really are, or does it force people to build an identity that ends up feeling just as authentic as their original identity? According to Desiree, Stella isn’t leading a genuine life because she’s pretending to be somebody she’s not—a viewpoint the novel will support and challenge at various moments throughout the coming chapters.
Themes
Race and Identity Theme Icon
Loss, Memory, and Inheritance Theme Icon
Companionship, Support, and Independence Theme Icon
Quotes
Adele informs her daughter that Stella has a history of pretending to be white. Shortly after she and Desiree ran away, their mother learned that Stella had gone to Opelousas and entered a store in which an employee assumed she was white. Instead of correcting the employee, Stella just played along. It gave her a thrill. Throughout their childhood, Desiree and Stella heard stories about people trying to pass as white, but everyone they heard about always got caught. For all of those people, though, Desiree assumes there must be many who successfully transitioned into white society. For all she knows, Stella has acted white for so long that she no longer even has to pretend.
Even though Desiree has just suggested while talking to her mother that Stella isn’t leading the real life of a white woman, she now considers the possibility that acting a certain way has the power to legitimately change a person. The novel therefore begins to explore identity in a more complex way, inviting readers to consider whether identity is fixed or if it’s something that changes depending on how people lead their lives. If Stella has been living the life of a white woman for so long—and if everyone in her current life treats her like a white woman—it’s not so unreasonable to argue that she has genuinely taken on a white identity.
Themes
Race and Identity Theme Icon
Quotes
Early finishes his job in Texas and returns to Mallard. He takes Desiree for a drive and asks her about Jude, who is always quiet and spends her time alone. Early notes that it won’t be easy for her growing up in Mallard as a dark-skinned Black girl. When he was a child in Mallard, he accidentally stepped in front of a white woman at church, and the woman’s husband smacked him on the back of his neck. Early assumed his uncle would stand up for him. Instead, though, his uncle apologized to the man and his wife on Early’s behalf. Hearing Early’s story, Desiree apologizes for letting her mother drive him away all those years ago. He forgives her, and she gently puts her hand on the back of his neck.
Again, Early’s experience in Mallard as a teenager provides insight into what it’s like to live in the town as a dark-skinned person. It seems likely that Jude will experience a similar kind of animosity from the townspeople, who apparently go out of their way to mistreat anyone who’s darker than them. For Jude, then, living in Mallard isn’t the safe haven from racism that many of its residents seem to think it is (though even if she were light skinned, the grisly murder of Leon Vignes proves that nobody is safe from racism—even if they have light skin and live in Mallard). 
Themes
Race and Identity Theme Icon
Companionship, Support, and Independence Theme Icon
Class and Privilege Theme Icon
Desiree and Early spend time in New Orleans together trying to track down Stella. They visit an old friend who knew the twins when they first moved to the city, and she tells them that she saw Stella once on the street. It was before Desiree moved away from the city. Their friend saw Stella walking with a white man, their arms linked. Desiree is surprised to hear that her sister was with a man—she can’t believe Stella would make such a drastic life choice based on romance. But Early tells her that sometimes people don’t behave as rationally as one might assume. Emotion, he says, often influences a person’s actions.
Before Stella disappeared, Desiree was confident that she knew her sister extremely well. Because they grew up so close, it was easy for Desiree to assume that she and Stella would always depend on each other like they did when they were young. She also thought of herself as the dominant, more independent twin, but now she sees that this wasn’t the case—Stella has clearly always been quite independent and has had an entire interior life of her own, to which Desiree apparently didn’t have access. While it might seem crazy to Desiree that Stella would leave with a man, then, it actually just goes to show that Stella was more independent than Desiree ever knew.
Themes
Loss, Memory, and Inheritance Theme Icon
Companionship, Support, and Independence Theme Icon
Early teaches Desiree some tricks about finding people. He shows her how to act assertive when she asks strangers questions about Stella, urging her to pretend like there’s nothing suspicious about what she’s doing. When they visit the Maison Blanche, where Stella used to work, Early tells Desiree to act like she’s a white woman who lost touch with a friend and wants her contact information. To Desiree’s surprise, the tactic works. A secretary gives her the most recent address they had on file for Stella. It’s no longer her current residence, but it’s a start. What really surprises Desiree, though, is that the address is in Boston, Massachusetts.
Just like Stella, Desiree is capable of passing as white. They are, after all, identical twins, so it makes sense that they’d both be able to present themselves as white women. What’s striking about Desiree’s experience in the Maison Blanche building, though, is that acting white so easily gives her access to vital information in her search for her sister. By simply posing as a white woman, she has no trouble getting exactly what she wants from a fancy all-white establishment, underscoring just how easy it is for white people to find success in contexts in which Black people would find themselves at a disadvantage because of racist discrimination.
Themes
Race and Identity Theme Icon
Class and Privilege Theme Icon
Quotes
That evening, Early and Desiree become physically intimate, and Early says he’ll keep looking for Stella. He stresses, however, that he might not be able to find her. She might be gone, and Desiree will have to accept that outcome. Slipping her hands under his shirt, she says she understands.
When Early tells Desiree that he might not be able to find Stella, he ensures that their romantic relationship starts off on the right foot. He wants to make sure Desiree isn’t just sleeping with him because he agreed to find Stella, thus demonstrating his overall dedication to her and his hope that they will form a genuine connection instead of something superficial based on the promise he made to look for Desiree’s sister.
Themes
Companionship, Support, and Independence Theme Icon