A Cree man living in Moose Factory. Joseph Netmaker grew up in Moose Factory and was forced by the nuns at the residential school to read and write English, so he helps Niska write a letter to Xavier while he is away at war. Joseph’s English, however, is poor, and his letter mistakenly claims that Niska is dead. The letter devastates Xavier when it reaches him on the frontlines, and he loses his “desire for survival.” Joseph’s letter underscores how damaging language can be to Indigenous people and that suggests that language can tear one down as easily as it can build them up.