Nausea posits that time is relative and subjective. This contradicts the usual way people typically think of time: normally, one makes sense of time using absolute units of seconds, minutes, hours, and so on. But Sartre conceives of the experience of time as important in its own right. Nausea, which takes the form of a series of Roquentin’s diary entries, forces its reader to confront Roquentin’s adventures as he records them, in irregular bursts, odd intervals, and uneven lengths. It’s a format that highlights how personal and subjective the experience of time can be. Roquentin exaggerates the idea further in his recollections of his bouts of so-called Nausea, which frequently extend, skip, or otherwise tamper with time as his own perception of its passage grows scrambled. As he watches an old woman walk down the street, for instance, he compares her shuffling gait to time itself, feeling the passage of two eternities as she slowly makes her way. Roquentin and Anny (Roquentin’s former lover) both encounter a feeling of having lost the sense of time’s irreversibility that they had in their youth. Roquentin comprehends this feeling through his sense of “adventure,” while Anny makes sense of it through her appreciation for “perfect moments.” Although on the scale of objective time Roquentin and Anny have both aged at a steady pace, they’ve only now begun to feel old—and this heightened awareness of time’s subjectivity is a crucial part of their struggle to find meaning. Nausea suggests, then, that the awareness of time’s subjective passage is necessary to a rewarding, meaningful life and that living in the past or in the future is not sustainable. In order to live a meaningful life, a person must confront the subjective nature of time. Ignoring time’s subjectivity and instead finding meaning only in one’s memories or in one’s hopes for the future, the novel suggests, only exacerbates one’s feelings of existential dread.
Time ThemeTracker
Time Quotes in Nausea
What has just happened is that the Nausea has disappeared. When the voice was heard in the silence, I felt my body harden and the Nausea vanish. Suddenly: it was almost unbearable to become so hard, so brilliant. At the same time the music was drawn out, dilated, swelled like a waterspout. It filled the room with its metallic transparency, crushing our miserable time against the walls. I am in the music. Globes of fire turn in the mirrors; encircled by rings of smoke, veiling and unveiling the hard smile of light. My glass of beer has shrunk, it seems heaped up on the table, it looks dense and indispensable. I want to pick it up and feel the weight of it, I stretch out my hand . . . God! That is what has changed, my gestures. This movement of my arm has developed like a majestic theme, it has glided along the song of the Negress; I seemed to be dancing.
I have never had adventures. Things have happened to me, events, incidents, anything you like. But no adventures. It isn’t a question of words; I am beginning to understand. There is something to which I clung more than all the rest — without completely realizing it. […] It was ... I had imagined that at certain times my life could take on a rare and precious quality. There was no need for extraordinary circumstances: all I asked for was a little precision. There is nothing brilliant about my life now: but from time to time, for example, when they play music in the cafes, I look back and tell myself : in old days, in London, Meknes, Tokyo, I have known great moments, I have had adventures. Now I am deprived of this. I have suddenly learned, without any apparent reason, that I have been lying to myself for ten years. And naturally, everything they tell about in books can happen in real life, but not in the same way. It is to this way of happening that I clung so tightly.
It was Sunday; massed between the balustrade and the gates of residents’ chalets, the crowd dispersed slowly… […] these people were neither sad nor gay: they were at rest. Their wide-open, staring eyes passively reflected sea and sky. […] I didn’t know what to do with my hard, vigorous body in the midst of this tragic, relaxed crowd. […] The light grows softer. At this uncertain hour one felt evening drawing in. Sunday was already past. […] For a moment I wondered if I were not going to love humanity. But, after all, it was their Sunday, not mine.
I am alone, most of the people have gone back home, they are reading the evening paper, listening to the radio. Sunday has left them with a taste of ashes and their thoughts are already turning towards Monday. But for me there is neither Monday nor Sunday: there are days which pass in disorder, and then, sudden lightning like this one.
Nothing has changed and yet everything is different. I can’t describe it; it’s like the Nausea and yet it’s just the opposite: at last an adventure happens to me and when I question myself I see that it happens that I am myself and that I am here; I am the one who splits the night, I am as happy as the hero of a novel.
Soft glow: people are in their houses, they have undoubtedly turned on the lights too. They read, they watch the sky from their window. For them it means something different. They have aged differently. They live in the midst of legacies, gifts, each piece of furniture holds a memory. Clocks, medallions, portraits, shells, paperweights, screens, shawls. They have closets full of bottles, stuffs, old clothes, newspapers; they have kept everything. The past is a landlord’s luxury.
Where shall I keep mine? You don’t put your past in your pocket; you have to have a house. I have only my body: a man entirely alone, with his lonely body, cannot indulge in memories; they pass through him. I shouldn’t complain: all I wanted was to be free.