Sergeant Toni Bentheim (an alias) is part of Lieutenant Gnade’s Second Company of Reserve Police Battalion 101. He takes part in both the Józefów and Łomazy massacres. Like most battalion leaders, Bentheim has no qualms about allowing men who don’t want to shoot to distance themselves from the violence, but the most striking part of Bentheim’s interrogation file is his description of the unimaginable bloodshed that occurred at both massacres—men covered in brain matter and skull fragments because they’d shot their victims a little too high on the head and men standing in knee-high puddles of blood and mud. In other words, Bentheim provides an image of what these massacres looked like to illustrate just how horrific they were. Bentheim’s descriptions also help explain why so many men who initially believed they could spend the day on the firing squads ultimately changed their minds and asked to be excused.