Ordinary Men

by

Christopher Browning

Themes and Colors
Freedom of Choice  Theme Icon
Peer Pressure, Conformity, and Acceptance Theme Icon
Normalization of Violence Theme Icon
Nationalism, War, and Ethnic Cleansing Theme Icon
LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in Ordinary Men, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.

Freedom of Choice

At the center of Ordinary Men is the argument that human beings are responsible for their choices, no matter the circumstance. Historian Christopher Browning comes to this conclusion after examining the testimonies of a group of German soldiers who perpetrated some of the most barbaric violence in the Second World War: the men of Reserve Police Battalion 101. In telling their story, Browning shows how even the most ordinary of men can choose to become…

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Peer Pressure, Conformity, and Acceptance

In Christopher Browning’s Ordinary Men, a battalion of middle-aged policemen are ordered to execute all the Jewish women and children living in the village of Józefów, Poland. The leader of the Reserve Police Battalion 101, Major Trapp, gives his men the chance to excuse themselves from participating, and quite a few men decide to abstain from the executions. Still, all told, about 80 percent of the men choose to follow orders from…

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Normalization of Violence

Between July 1942 and the end of World War II, the majority of the men in Reserve Police Battalion 101 transformed from benign, well-meaning policemen to brutal killers, starting with the mass execution of Jews in the Polish town of Józefów. At Józefów, the men—and even some of their commanders—were horrified by the order to kill more than a thousand civilians. This battalion was mostly run-of-the-mill, middle-aged men with families—not young, bloodthirsty members of the…

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Nationalism, War, and Ethnic Cleansing

When Germany sparked the Second World War by invading neighboring countries, German Chancellor Adolf Hitler’s aims were ostensibly just to regain lost territory and secure additional lands. Soon, though, Hitler and his SS head Heinrich Himmler recognized another possibility for these invasions: they could fuel a race war meant to eliminate European Jews. Hitler insisted that the Germans were a “master race” that was superior to every other race, and that Jewish people posed…

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