Surfacing

by

Margaret Atwood

Teachers and parents! Our Teacher Edition on Surfacing makes teaching easy.

The Narrator Character Analysis

The narrator, a dark-haired, blue-eyed Canadian woman, grew up during World War II (1939–1945) traveling to remote areas with her brother, mother, and father for her botanist father’s work. Despite her father’s atheism, she insisted on attending Sunday School to fit in but soon lost interest in Christianity. Later, she attended art school, where she had an affair with an instructor who told her there were no great female artists and encouraged her to pursue a commercial career. This instructor arranged her illegal abortion after impregnating her, an experience so traumatizing for her that she fabricated memories to obscure it: she claimed that she married young, that her “husband” forced her to have a child, and that she divorced him. After art school, she became an illustrator and began cohabiting with a new lover, Joe. When her father disappears while staying in the family’s remote Quebec cabin, the narrator travels with Joe and their friends David and Anna to find him. While searching for her father, the narrator becomes so disgusted by human violence against animals and male contempt for women that she loses her false “memories,” remembers her illegal abortion, and has a breakdown. She has unprotected sex with Joe and hides rather than leaving the cabin with the others. Believing her parents have become nature-gods, she follows increasingly strange religious “rules” to see them again. After “seeing” them, she regains her sanity, realizes they’re dead, and decides to rejoin society—without becoming like the people she detests.

The Narrator Quotes in Surfacing

The Surfacing quotes below are all either spoken by The Narrator or refer to The Narrator. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Logic and Insanity Theme Icon
).
Part 1  Quotes

From the side he’s like the buffalo on the U.S. nickel, shaggy and blunt-snouted, with small clenched eyes and the defiant but insane look of a species once dominant, now threatened with extinction.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joe
Page Number: 4
Explanation and Analysis:

They’re making a movie, Joe is doing the camera work, he’s never done it before but David says they’re the new Renaissance Men, you teach yourself what you need to learn.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joe, David, Anna, The Father
Related Symbols: Random Samples
Page Number: 6
Explanation and Analysis:

What he means is that a man should be handling this; Joe will do as a stand-in. My status is a problem, they obviously think I’m married. But I’m safe, I’m wearing my wedding ring, I never threw it out, it’s useful for landladies.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joe, The Father, The “Husband”, Paul
Related Symbols: Gold Ring
Page Number: 19
Explanation and Analysis:

What impressed him that time, he even mentioned it later, cool he called it, was the way I took my clothes off and put them on again later very smoothly as if I were feeling no emotion. But I really wasn’t.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joe, David, Anna, The Father, Paul
Page Number: 24
Explanation and Analysis:

Below me in the water there’s a leech, the good kind with red dots on the back, undulating along like a streamer held at one end and shaken. The bad kind is mottled gray and yellow. It was my brother who made up these moral distinctions, at some point he became obsessed with them, he must have picked them up from the war. There had to be a good kind and a bad kind of everything.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), The Father, The Brother
Page Number: 34
Explanation and Analysis:

I recall the feeling, puzzled, baffled, when I found out some words were dirty and the rest were clean. The bad ones in French were the religious ones, the worst ones in any language were what they were most afraid of and in English it was the body, that was even scarier than God.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), David, Anna
Page Number: 42
Explanation and Analysis:

I have to behave as though it doesn’t exist, because for me it can’t, it was taken away from me, exported, deported. A section of my own life, sliced off from me like a Siamese twin, my own flesh canceled.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Anna, The “Husband”
Page Number: 45
Explanation and Analysis:

For a while I was going to be a real artist; he thought that was cute but misguided, he said I should study something I would be able to use because there has [sic] never been any important women artists. That was before we were married and I still listened to what he said, so I went into Design and did fabric patterns.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), The “Husband”
Page Number: 49
Explanation and Analysis:

Their only function is to uphold Joe’s unvoiced claim to superior artistic seriousness: every time I sell a poster design or get a new commission he mangles another pot.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joe
Page Number: 54
Explanation and Analysis:
Part 2 Quotes

The trouble is all in the knob at the top of our bodies. I’m not against the body or the head either: only the neck, which creates the illusion that they are separate […] if the head is detached from the body both of them will die.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker)
Page Number: 75
Explanation and Analysis:

Love without fear, sex without risk, that’s what they wanted to be true; and they almost did it, I thought, they almost pulled it off, but as in magicians’ tricks or burglaries half-success is failure and we’re back to the other things.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joe, David, Anna, The “Husband”
Page Number: 79
Explanation and Analysis:

Prove your love, they say. You really want to marry me, let me fuck you instead. You really want to fuck, let me marry you instead. As long as there’s a victory, some flag I can wave, parade I can have in my head.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joe, David, Anna
Page Number: 87
Explanation and Analysis:

I had the proof now, indisputable, of sanity and therefore of death.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), The Father, The “Husband”
Page Number: 104
Explanation and Analysis:

If you tell your children God doesn’t exist they will be forced to believe that you are the God, but what happens when they find out you are human after all, you have to grow old and die?

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), The Father, The Mother
Page Number: 104
Explanation and Analysis:

Why had they strung it up like a lynch victim, why didn’t they just throw it away like the trash? To prove they could do it, they had the power to kill.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joe, David, Anna
Page Number: 118
Explanation and Analysis:

A part of the body, a dead animal. I wondered what part of them the heron was, that they needed so much to kill it.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), David
Page Number: 120
Explanation and Analysis:

Anything we could do to the animals we could do to each other: we practiced on them first.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joe, David
Page Number: 122
Explanation and Analysis:

“You’ll go in beside the dead bird[.]”

Related Characters: David (speaker), The Narrator, Joe, Anna
Related Symbols: Random Samples
Page Number: 135
Explanation and Analysis:

He said it wasn’t a person, only an animal; I should have seen that was no different; it was hiding in me as if in a burrow and instead of granting it sanctuary I let them catch it. I could have said No but I didn’t; that made me one of them too, a killer.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), The “Husband”
Page Number: 145–146
Explanation and Analysis:
Part 3 Quotes

From any rational point of view I am absurd; but there are no longer any rational points of view.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joe, David, Anna, The Father, The Mother, Evans
Page Number: 173
Explanation and Analysis:

I willed it, I called to them, that they should arrive is logical; but logic is a wall, I built it, on the other side is terror.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), The Father, The Mother
Page Number: 178–179
Explanation and Analysis:

No gods to help me now, they’re questionable once more, theoretical as Jesus. They’ve receded, back to the past, inside the skull, it is the same place.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), The Father, The Mother
Page Number: 195
Explanation and Analysis:
Get the entire Surfacing LitChart as a printable PDF.
Surfacing PDF

The Narrator Quotes in Surfacing

The Surfacing quotes below are all either spoken by The Narrator or refer to The Narrator. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Logic and Insanity Theme Icon
).
Part 1  Quotes

From the side he’s like the buffalo on the U.S. nickel, shaggy and blunt-snouted, with small clenched eyes and the defiant but insane look of a species once dominant, now threatened with extinction.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joe
Page Number: 4
Explanation and Analysis:

They’re making a movie, Joe is doing the camera work, he’s never done it before but David says they’re the new Renaissance Men, you teach yourself what you need to learn.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joe, David, Anna, The Father
Related Symbols: Random Samples
Page Number: 6
Explanation and Analysis:

What he means is that a man should be handling this; Joe will do as a stand-in. My status is a problem, they obviously think I’m married. But I’m safe, I’m wearing my wedding ring, I never threw it out, it’s useful for landladies.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joe, The Father, The “Husband”, Paul
Related Symbols: Gold Ring
Page Number: 19
Explanation and Analysis:

What impressed him that time, he even mentioned it later, cool he called it, was the way I took my clothes off and put them on again later very smoothly as if I were feeling no emotion. But I really wasn’t.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joe, David, Anna, The Father, Paul
Page Number: 24
Explanation and Analysis:

Below me in the water there’s a leech, the good kind with red dots on the back, undulating along like a streamer held at one end and shaken. The bad kind is mottled gray and yellow. It was my brother who made up these moral distinctions, at some point he became obsessed with them, he must have picked them up from the war. There had to be a good kind and a bad kind of everything.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), The Father, The Brother
Page Number: 34
Explanation and Analysis:

I recall the feeling, puzzled, baffled, when I found out some words were dirty and the rest were clean. The bad ones in French were the religious ones, the worst ones in any language were what they were most afraid of and in English it was the body, that was even scarier than God.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), David, Anna
Page Number: 42
Explanation and Analysis:

I have to behave as though it doesn’t exist, because for me it can’t, it was taken away from me, exported, deported. A section of my own life, sliced off from me like a Siamese twin, my own flesh canceled.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Anna, The “Husband”
Page Number: 45
Explanation and Analysis:

For a while I was going to be a real artist; he thought that was cute but misguided, he said I should study something I would be able to use because there has [sic] never been any important women artists. That was before we were married and I still listened to what he said, so I went into Design and did fabric patterns.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), The “Husband”
Page Number: 49
Explanation and Analysis:

Their only function is to uphold Joe’s unvoiced claim to superior artistic seriousness: every time I sell a poster design or get a new commission he mangles another pot.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joe
Page Number: 54
Explanation and Analysis:
Part 2 Quotes

The trouble is all in the knob at the top of our bodies. I’m not against the body or the head either: only the neck, which creates the illusion that they are separate […] if the head is detached from the body both of them will die.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker)
Page Number: 75
Explanation and Analysis:

Love without fear, sex without risk, that’s what they wanted to be true; and they almost did it, I thought, they almost pulled it off, but as in magicians’ tricks or burglaries half-success is failure and we’re back to the other things.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joe, David, Anna, The “Husband”
Page Number: 79
Explanation and Analysis:

Prove your love, they say. You really want to marry me, let me fuck you instead. You really want to fuck, let me marry you instead. As long as there’s a victory, some flag I can wave, parade I can have in my head.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joe, David, Anna
Page Number: 87
Explanation and Analysis:

I had the proof now, indisputable, of sanity and therefore of death.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), The Father, The “Husband”
Page Number: 104
Explanation and Analysis:

If you tell your children God doesn’t exist they will be forced to believe that you are the God, but what happens when they find out you are human after all, you have to grow old and die?

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), The Father, The Mother
Page Number: 104
Explanation and Analysis:

Why had they strung it up like a lynch victim, why didn’t they just throw it away like the trash? To prove they could do it, they had the power to kill.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joe, David, Anna
Page Number: 118
Explanation and Analysis:

A part of the body, a dead animal. I wondered what part of them the heron was, that they needed so much to kill it.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), David
Page Number: 120
Explanation and Analysis:

Anything we could do to the animals we could do to each other: we practiced on them first.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joe, David
Page Number: 122
Explanation and Analysis:

“You’ll go in beside the dead bird[.]”

Related Characters: David (speaker), The Narrator, Joe, Anna
Related Symbols: Random Samples
Page Number: 135
Explanation and Analysis:

He said it wasn’t a person, only an animal; I should have seen that was no different; it was hiding in me as if in a burrow and instead of granting it sanctuary I let them catch it. I could have said No but I didn’t; that made me one of them too, a killer.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), The “Husband”
Page Number: 145–146
Explanation and Analysis:
Part 3 Quotes

From any rational point of view I am absurd; but there are no longer any rational points of view.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joe, David, Anna, The Father, The Mother, Evans
Page Number: 173
Explanation and Analysis:

I willed it, I called to them, that they should arrive is logical; but logic is a wall, I built it, on the other side is terror.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), The Father, The Mother
Page Number: 178–179
Explanation and Analysis:

No gods to help me now, they’re questionable once more, theoretical as Jesus. They’ve receded, back to the past, inside the skull, it is the same place.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), The Father, The Mother
Page Number: 195
Explanation and Analysis: