A Complicated Kindness

by

Miriam Toews

A Complicated Kindness: Chapter Eleven Summary & Analysis

Summary
Analysis
Nomi stays at the hill for a long time. In the dirt she practices the new signature that Travis helped her design. Once Nomi was called Naomi, but young Tash couldn’t pronounce her name, so it was shortened. Nomi remembers Tash, as a young girl, planning to go to Kazakhstan, liberate the Mennonite children exiled there by Stalin, and take them to live in Prague and have Czech lovers. On her way home, Nomi passes her English teacher, Mr. Quiring, in the street, but he doesn’t notice her. She remembers that Trudie used to take her for long walks at night. Ray is sitting in his lawn chair when she gets home. Nomi thinks that Travis might be right after all: Ray is goofy.
Nomi’s new signature, dictated by Travis, shows how much she’s letting him control her life. At the same time, her recollection of Tash shortening her name is a reminder of how much her sister’s example shaped her character. While Nomi’s emulation of Tash is somewhat healthier than her worship of Travis, Nomi will eventually learn that she doesn’t have to follow in the footsteps of her sister or her boyfriend.
Themes
Family and Home Theme Icon
Community and Coming of Age Theme Icon
Ray comes inside to “have a staring contest with the kitchen table.” Nomi puts on a record and lies in bed. She looks at a bloodstain on her wall and remembers how it got there years ago. Tash had sent her on an emergency run for sanitary pads, and while biking furiously home Nomi lost control of her bike and flies into someone’s driveway. She gave Tash the pads and then retreated to the room to pick gravel out of her nose, smearing the blood from her face onto the wall. Every time she looks at the bloodstain now, she’s reminded that she’s not currently bleeding from her face, something she finds empowering.
Clearly, Nomi’s standards of what constitutes an empowering moment are pretty low. Just as at the beginning of the novel, when Nomi brusquely describes her accident with Travis’s vape, she downplays the harm she incurs here out of an unwillingness to address the dysfunction in her life.
Themes
Family and Home Theme Icon
Nomi thinks about her mother. Living in East Village, Trudie has Ray, her children, and books to keep her occupied, and everyone in the town knows who she is and where she belongs. She grew up in a big house with 13 siblings and a father, Nicodemus, who wrote all their names down—sometimes spelled wrong—in the family Bible. Nomi thinks that Trudie often misses Nicodemus, who taught her to love long car rides.
Nomi is rationalizing up all the positive aspects of life in East Village in an attempt to “prove” that Trudie should have stayed. Yet these things also apply to her, and she, too, is restless to get out of town. In a way, she’s thinking about how she herself may someday, like Trudie, leave behind the things she loves if it means having a chance at a new life.
Themes
Family and Home Theme Icon
In church, Trudie enjoys hymns and always sings loudly. During Communion, she and the other women wash each other’s feet without removing their nylons. But Trudie doesn’t like to hang around and shake hands after the service; while Ray lingers, she takes Nomi and Tash to sit in the car. Nomi knows she’s a disappointment to Menno Simons, but thinks maybe he’d be pleased to know of her new faith—she believes firmly that her family will be together one day in New York City, where they’ll live with Lou Reed and play in Central Park all day.
Trudie’s participation in this small, humble ritual suggests that even though she’s skeptical of Mennonite life, she retains a sense of religious devotion. For her, true faith is separate from a community centered around dogma, which is represented by the handshaking after church that Trudie always eschews.
Themes
Religion and Dogma Theme Icon
Family and Home Theme Icon
Get the entire A Complicated Kindness LitChart as a printable PDF.
A Complicated Kindness PDF
Trudie often talks about her happy childhood in East Village, and when Tash complains that the town is fake, Trudie reminds her that if the Mennonites had stayed in Europe they would have been persecuted and killed. Trudie tells stories of her family, who fled Russia with hardly any possessions or money.
Just as the family’s ancestors fled a Russian society where they weren’t tolerated, Trudie and Tash have left a community that refuses to accept them. This parallel suggests that despite the harsh dogma that presently exists in the Mennonite church, it was paradoxically founded upon a desire for freedom from judgment and persecution.
Themes
Family and Home Theme Icon
Narrative and Storytelling Theme Icon
Nomi’s grandmother often reprimands Trudie for letting the house get messy. When the Rapture occurs, she tells Trudie, Jesus will be able to tell his people apart by the cleanliness of their houses. Trudie always nods at these speeches, but the house never becomes more orderly. Ray doesn’t pay attention, preferring to focus on science and isotopes. He likes to talk to Nomi about the laws of thermodynamics.
Again, Trudie shows that one doesn’t have to adhere to religious dogma (like fulfilling patriarchal expectations of women in the name of obedience to Jesus) in order to have a genuine faith in God.
Themes
Religion and Dogma Theme Icon
Trudie loves to play Dutch Blitz, an Amish card game. She often keeps Nomi up late at night to play with her; it’s only years later that Nomi realizes Trudie was trying to keep herself awake until Tash came home from hanging out with her friends.
While Nomi wishes she could return to the happy days of her childhood, as she grows up she starts to see how these years were stressful and unhappy for her parents. This shift in perspective signals Nomi’s maturation, as well as suggesting that families are often not as harmonious as they seem on the surface.
Themes
Family and Home Theme Icon
Nomi remembers one day when The Mouth comes over and asks to speak to Trudie privately. From the window, Tash and Nomi watched as The Mouth lectured, and Trudie threw up her hands. Tash said that The Mouth was trying to get Trudie to do something. Trudie turned to smile at the girls, but it looked like she was crying. When Trudie came inside, Nomi pestered her about the conversation, but Trudie would only say that The Mouth wanted her to work at the church library. She smiled a “big, fake spooky smile” at Nomi.
This is a seemingly ordinary incident, but for Nomi it takes on larger proportions because it shows The Mouth’s ability and willingness to control or harm Trudie. In turn, the repressive atmosphere under which Nomi lives is also responsible for Trudie’s strained, obviously manufactured happiness.
Themes
Religion and Dogma Theme Icon
Family and Home Theme Icon