Gilead

by

Marilynne Robinson

Jack (John Ames) Boughton Character Analysis

Jack is Boughton’s most beloved child and John’s namesake. Knowing John might not have children, Boughton intended that Jack and John would have a kind of father-son relationship (Jack even called John “Papa” growing up). However, through much of the novel, John hints that he and Jack have a fraught relationship, though he doesn’t explain why until near the end of the novel. He describes Jack as a “prodigal son,” a lifelong troublemaker, and it bothers John to see how much Boughton loves him when Jack clearly doesn’t deserve it. John eventually reveals that 20 years ago, in his youth, Jack had a relationship with a young woman and fathered her child. The woman’s family was extremely poor, and the baby, whom Jack never acknowledged or offered to support, was brought up in squalid circumstances and ultimately died. Yet despite his anger at Jack’s transgressions, John also perceives that there’s a deep loneliness and sadness in Jack. At one point Jack admits to John that he’s never been able to believe in God, though he doesn’t necessarily disbelieve, either. Jack and Lila seem to understand each other instinctively. At the end of the novel, Jack reveals to John that he is married to Della, who is Black, and that they have a son together, Robert Boughton Miles. Because of anti-miscegenation laws in Missouri, their marriage isn’t legal, and they are ultimately harassed out of their home in St. Louis. Though the novel doesn’t reveal how, it’s clear that Jack has changed for the better over the course of his life. However, he leaves Gilead in the end, after it’s implied that Della breaks off their relationship; he never tells Boughton the whole truth about his life, and he doesn’t know where he’s headed next. Despite his ambivalence about Christianity, he willingly receives John’s blessing before he goes.

Jack (John Ames) Boughton Quotes in Gilead

The Gilead quotes below are all either spoken by Jack (John Ames) Boughton or refer to Jack (John Ames) Boughton. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Life, Death, and Beauty Theme Icon
).
Pages 185-191 Quotes

Having looked over these thoughts I set down last night, I realize I have evaded what is for me the central question. That is: How should I deal with these fears I have, that Jack Boughton will do you and your mother harm, just because he can, just for the sly, unanswerable meanness of it? You have already asked after him twice this morning.

Harm to you is not harm to me in the strict sense, and that is a great part of the problem. He could knock me down the stairs and I would have worked out the theology for forgiving him before I reached the bottom. But if he harmed you in the slightest way, I’m afraid theology would fail me. That may be one great part of what I fear, now that I think of it.

Related Characters: Rev. John Ames (speaker), John’s Son (The Boy), Lila (John’s Wife), Jack (John Ames) Boughton
Page Number: 190
Explanation and Analysis:
Pages 191-200 Quotes

I have wandered to the limits of my understanding any number of times, out into that desolation, that Horeb, that Kansas, and I’ve scared myself, too, a good many times, leaving all landmarks behind me, or so it seemed. And it has been among the true pleasures of my life. Night and light, silence and difficulty, it seemed to me always rigorous and good. I believe it was recommended to me by Edward, and also by my reverend grandfather when he made his last flight into the wilderness. I may once have fancied myself such another tough old man, ready to dive into the ground and smolder away the time till Judgment. Well, I am distracted from that project now. My present bewilderments are a new territory that make me doubt I have ever really been lost before.

Related Characters: Rev. John Ames (speaker), John’s Son (The Boy), John’s Grandfather, Jack (John Ames) Boughton, Edward Ames
Page Number: 191
Explanation and Analysis:
Pages 209-215 Quotes

Why do I love the thought of you old? That first twinge of arthritis in your knee is a thing I imagine with all the tenderness I felt when you showed me your loose tooth. Be diligent in your prayers, old man. I hope you will have seen more of the world than I ever got around to seeing—only myself to blame. And I hope you will have read some of my books. And God bless your eyes, and your hearing also, and of course your heart. I wish I could help you carry the weight of many years. But the Lord will have that fatherly satisfaction.

Related Characters: Rev. John Ames (speaker), John’s Son (The Boy), Jack (John Ames) Boughton
Page Number: 210
Explanation and Analysis:
Pages 217-232 Quotes

“We are married in the eyes of God, as they say. Who does not provide a certificate, but who also does not enforce anti-miscegenation laws. The Deus Absconditus at His most benign. Sorry.” He smiled. “In the eyes of God we have been man and wife for about eight years. We have lived as man and wife a total of seventeen months, two weeks, and a day.”

Related Characters: Jack (John Ames) Boughton (speaker), Rev. John Ames, Della Miles
Page Number: 219-220
Explanation and Analysis:
Pages 237-244 Quotes

And old Boughton, if he could stand up out of his chair, out of his decrepitude and crankiness and sorrow and limitation, would abandon all those handsome children of his, mild and confident as they are, and follow after that one son whom he has never known, whom he has favored as one does a wound, and he would protect him as a father cannot, defend him with a strength he does not have, sustain him with a bounty beyond any resource he could ever dream of having. If Boughton could be himself, he would utterly pardon every transgression, past, present, and to come, whether or not it was a transgression in fact or his to pardon. He would be that extravagant. That is a thing I would love to see.

Related Characters: Rev. John Ames (speaker), John’s Son (The Boy), Jack (John Ames) Boughton, Rev. Robert Boughton
Page Number: 238
Explanation and Analysis:

As I have told you, I myself was the good son, so to speak, the one who never left his father’s house—even when his father did, a fact which surely puts my credentials beyond all challenge. I am one of those righteous for whom the rejoicing in heaven will be comparatively restrained. And that’s all right. There is no justice in love, no proportion in it, and there need not be, because in any specific instance it is only a glimpse or parable of an embracing, incomprehensible reality.

Related Characters: Rev. John Ames (speaker), John’s Son (The Boy), John’s Father, Jack (John Ames) Boughton, Rev. Robert Boughton
Page Number: 238
Explanation and Analysis:
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Jack (John Ames) Boughton Quotes in Gilead

The Gilead quotes below are all either spoken by Jack (John Ames) Boughton or refer to Jack (John Ames) Boughton. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Life, Death, and Beauty Theme Icon
).
Pages 185-191 Quotes

Having looked over these thoughts I set down last night, I realize I have evaded what is for me the central question. That is: How should I deal with these fears I have, that Jack Boughton will do you and your mother harm, just because he can, just for the sly, unanswerable meanness of it? You have already asked after him twice this morning.

Harm to you is not harm to me in the strict sense, and that is a great part of the problem. He could knock me down the stairs and I would have worked out the theology for forgiving him before I reached the bottom. But if he harmed you in the slightest way, I’m afraid theology would fail me. That may be one great part of what I fear, now that I think of it.

Related Characters: Rev. John Ames (speaker), John’s Son (The Boy), Lila (John’s Wife), Jack (John Ames) Boughton
Page Number: 190
Explanation and Analysis:
Pages 191-200 Quotes

I have wandered to the limits of my understanding any number of times, out into that desolation, that Horeb, that Kansas, and I’ve scared myself, too, a good many times, leaving all landmarks behind me, or so it seemed. And it has been among the true pleasures of my life. Night and light, silence and difficulty, it seemed to me always rigorous and good. I believe it was recommended to me by Edward, and also by my reverend grandfather when he made his last flight into the wilderness. I may once have fancied myself such another tough old man, ready to dive into the ground and smolder away the time till Judgment. Well, I am distracted from that project now. My present bewilderments are a new territory that make me doubt I have ever really been lost before.

Related Characters: Rev. John Ames (speaker), John’s Son (The Boy), John’s Grandfather, Jack (John Ames) Boughton, Edward Ames
Page Number: 191
Explanation and Analysis:
Pages 209-215 Quotes

Why do I love the thought of you old? That first twinge of arthritis in your knee is a thing I imagine with all the tenderness I felt when you showed me your loose tooth. Be diligent in your prayers, old man. I hope you will have seen more of the world than I ever got around to seeing—only myself to blame. And I hope you will have read some of my books. And God bless your eyes, and your hearing also, and of course your heart. I wish I could help you carry the weight of many years. But the Lord will have that fatherly satisfaction.

Related Characters: Rev. John Ames (speaker), John’s Son (The Boy), Jack (John Ames) Boughton
Page Number: 210
Explanation and Analysis:
Pages 217-232 Quotes

“We are married in the eyes of God, as they say. Who does not provide a certificate, but who also does not enforce anti-miscegenation laws. The Deus Absconditus at His most benign. Sorry.” He smiled. “In the eyes of God we have been man and wife for about eight years. We have lived as man and wife a total of seventeen months, two weeks, and a day.”

Related Characters: Jack (John Ames) Boughton (speaker), Rev. John Ames, Della Miles
Page Number: 219-220
Explanation and Analysis:
Pages 237-244 Quotes

And old Boughton, if he could stand up out of his chair, out of his decrepitude and crankiness and sorrow and limitation, would abandon all those handsome children of his, mild and confident as they are, and follow after that one son whom he has never known, whom he has favored as one does a wound, and he would protect him as a father cannot, defend him with a strength he does not have, sustain him with a bounty beyond any resource he could ever dream of having. If Boughton could be himself, he would utterly pardon every transgression, past, present, and to come, whether or not it was a transgression in fact or his to pardon. He would be that extravagant. That is a thing I would love to see.

Related Characters: Rev. John Ames (speaker), John’s Son (The Boy), Jack (John Ames) Boughton, Rev. Robert Boughton
Page Number: 238
Explanation and Analysis:

As I have told you, I myself was the good son, so to speak, the one who never left his father’s house—even when his father did, a fact which surely puts my credentials beyond all challenge. I am one of those righteous for whom the rejoicing in heaven will be comparatively restrained. And that’s all right. There is no justice in love, no proportion in it, and there need not be, because in any specific instance it is only a glimpse or parable of an embracing, incomprehensible reality.

Related Characters: Rev. John Ames (speaker), John’s Son (The Boy), John’s Father, Jack (John Ames) Boughton, Rev. Robert Boughton
Page Number: 238
Explanation and Analysis: