The racist governor of Oklahoma who ran a campaign on what he called the three C’s—"Corporations, Carpetbaggers, and Coons.” Nicknamed “Alfalfa Bill,” he resented Theodore Roosevelt for refusing to admit Oklahoma to the union until Murray removed a white supremacist plank from the state constitution. In 1932, he attempted to run against Franklin Delano Roosevelt for President of the United States. Egan describes Murray as “a mustachioed, haunt-eyed, big-eared man of sixty who could talk for hours without interruption, fueled by caffeine and nicotine.” He drank two pots of black coffee each day and frequently chewed on the butt of a cigar. As governor, he often ruled by martial law, sending the National Guard out “twenty-seven times in his first two years in office.”