Leopold/Mr. Howland is Helen/Mildred’s father and Catherine/Adelaide’s husband. In Bonds, Leopold takes it upon himself to educate the precocious Helen, but he becomes increasingly interested in ideas that Helen views as nonsensical, like necromancy and alchemy. He becomes afflicted with mental illness and is sent to a Swiss sanatorium for treatment. Helen later chooses that same sanatorium for her own treatment when she experiences symptoms of mental illness similar to her father’s. In contrast to Leopold, Mr. Howland dies of a lung disease while the family is living in Europe and does not struggle with mental health issues.