Code Talker

by

Joseph Bruchac

The Navajo Way and the Life of the Warrior Theme Analysis

Themes and Colors
Memory, Language, and Identity Theme Icon
The Navajo Way and the Life of the Warrior Theme Icon
Culture and Patriotism Theme Icon
War, Healing, and Peace Theme Icon
LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in Code Talker, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
The Navajo Way and the Life of the Warrior Theme Icon

Throughout Code Talker, Ned Begay’s story is interwoven with many aspects of what he simply calls “the Navajo Way”—basic survival skills, personal empathy, religious beliefs, and coping strategies that prepare him for Marine service, sustain him during World War II, and help him heal afterward. In fact, because of the physical strength, wisdom, and spiritual resilience Ned gains from the Navajo way of life, he is portrayed as an ideal American warrior. By portraying the Navajo Way as an integral part of Ned’s warrior identity, Bruchac argues that Native American marines like Ned weren’t excellent soldiers despite their cultural background, but precisely because of it.

The skills, knowledge, and empathy that many Navajos possess make them natural marines. When Ned hears that not one of the first group of Navajo recruits washed out of basic training, he is “not surprised. Those things that […] a Marine recruit needed to learn were part of our everyday Navajo life back then. We were used to walking great distances over hard terrain while carrying things,” sleeping in the open, and surviving on little food. In other words, unlike many other recruits, the Navajo recruits’ previous way of life has prepared them for the military: they already possess some of the rigorous abilities needed in order to be successful marines.

Knowledge gained from growing up in the desert helps the Navajo marines in unexpected and sometimes amusing ways, like during a training exercise on similar terrain: “Pretty soon the other Marines, including [Stormy] the lieutenant, were drinking from their canteens. But not us Navajos. […] We knew there was a lot of water inside a prickly pear [cactus],” which they secretly drink when nobody’s looking. They jokingly convince the other marines that Navajos just don’t need to drink water as often, privately delighted by the ways their upbringing has suited them for their role.

However, other advantages are more solemn. Ned’s Navajo history gives him a deep empathy and a sense of kinship with some of the oppressed indigenous people he meets in the South Pacific: “It was a familiar story to me [...] It made me feel I had much in common with [the Solomon islanders]. So I spoke more often to the islanders than most white Marines did.” Through a wordless exchange with a chief named Gene-gene, Ned discovers that they cherish their sacred lands in a similar way: “He understood that the land of my own heart was there, far across the wide ocean. He placed his left hand on my chest and I did the same. We stood there like that for a while [...] It was one of the best conversations I ever had.” Ned’s empathy, grounded in his culture, gives him a deep sense of connection with some of the peoples on whose behalf he’s fighting—implicitly one that white Marines don’t necessarily share, and one that makes Ned a better warrior.

Additionally, Navajo spiritual blessings equip Ned to be a strong marine for the duration of the war. Before shipping out to war, Ned undergoes a special blessing led by a revered Navajo singer: “Hosteen Mitchell took pollen from his pouch and used it to bless my body. […] I took five steps toward the dawn and stood there, feeling the warmth of the sun touching me. I reached into the pollen bag and took some out to scatter from north to south. […] With […] my spirit and my emotions in good balance, I was ready to begin my journey as a warrior for America.” The blessing ceremony specifically restores “good balance” to Ned by connecting him to his home and people—and it’s that very balance that equips him to be a successful American warrior.

Not only that, the balance Ned receives during the blessing ceremony stays with him all throughout the war: “Each morning […] I took corn pollen from the pouch I always carried at my waist […] then lifted it up to the four sacred directions as I greeted the dawn. […] The blessing of that corn pollen helped keep me calm and balanced and safe.” The daily corn pollen ritual keeps Ned connected to his home and family no matter where the war takes him, meaning that the balance of the Navajo Way is what continuously sustains him as he fights.

Even after the war, the Navajo Way grants Ned resilience to cope with the traumatic fallout from his experiences in battle. When talking about how many soldiers turn to drinking in order to wipe out memories of combat, Ned reflects on an alternative way of coping: “What helped me through those times of uncertainty were thoughts of my home and family. […] Being a Navajo and keeping to our Navajo Way helped me survive not just the war, but all those times of quiet and anxious waiting that were not yet peace.” Ned is just as affected by combat fatigue as his fellow marines, yet the corn pollen ritual, thoughts of the Navajo belief in the ancient, protective Holy People, and being grounded in his family give him resilience to deal with both combat and the traumatic memories it brings.

As upsetting as combat memories can be, Ned also has good memories from the war: “I also hear clear voices when I remember that time. […] Navajo voices speaking strongly in our sacred language. Speaking over the concussions of the exploding shells […] above the deadly whirr of shrapnel[.] […] As the battle for Iwo Jima raged all around us, our voices held it together.” Even amid the unforgettable horrors of battle, the enduring, resilient strength of the Navajo language—which was used to communicate critical coded messages during battle—resisted the chaos all around, helping the United States to prevail on Iwo Jima and eventually in the war overall.

Back home after the war, Ned continues to cope with terrible memories, and once again his rootedness in the Navajo Way restores him: “I began to have awful nightmares. I woke up from seeing men die and hearing the sounds of their cries. […] But […] I had my family and our traditional ceremonies. I had the Holy People to help me. Finally, when it seemed I was about to go crazy, my family insisted that I have an Enemyway. […] [After this ceremony,] my balance [was] restored. I could go forward on a path of beauty.” Thus, Ned’s war experience is bookended by blessing ceremonies that keep him grounded in the Navajo Way, enabling him to move on from traumatic memories so that he can continue serving his family, his people, and his larger society in the future.

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The Navajo Way and the Life of the Warrior Quotes in Code Talker

Below you will find the important quotes in Code Talker related to the theme of The Navajo Way and the Life of the Warrior.
Chapter 2 Quotes

It was not always easy for me to understand what those other boys and girls were saying. Even though we all spoke in Navajo, we had come from many distant parts of Dinetah. In those days, our language was not spoken the same everywhere by every group of Navajos. But, despite the fact that some of those other children spoke our sacred language differently, what we were doing made me feel happier and more peaceful. We were doing things as our elders had taught us. We were putting ourselves in balance.

Related Characters: Ned Begay (speaker)
Page Number: 14
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 8 Quotes

Johnny Manuelito's duty was to recruit from our eastern half of the big Navajo reservation. He did so in style, wearing his spotless new corporal's uniform as he spoke on street corners and in chapter houses. People were impressed, not just by his words but by how he looked. Those who had known him before said that he truly seemed to be a different person. He looked to have grown taller during the short time he was gone and he carried himself more like a white man than an Indian. When he came to our high school and spoke to the student body, his words reverberated in my mind like drumbeats.

Related Characters: Ned Begay (speaker), Corporal Johnny Manuelito
Page Number: 47
Explanation and Analysis:

"Do you know how many of the twenty-nine men in our platoon washed out?" Johnny Manuelito asked us. "Not even one!"

I was not surprised. Those things that he said a Marine recruit needed to learn were part of our everyday Navajo life back then. We were used to walking great distances over hard terrain while carrying things. We would stay out with our herds of sheep overnight and in the worst weather. Going for two or three days without eating was not unusual for us, even those of us who had gone off to boarding school.

Related Characters: Ned Begay (speaker), Corporal Johnny Manuelito (speaker)
Page Number: 49
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 9 Quotes

I took five steps toward the dawn and stood there, feeling the warmth of the sun touching me. I reached into the pollen bag and took some out to scatter from north to south. I inhaled the dawn four times, giving a prayer to myself, to the new day, and to all that exists.

There was truly blessing all around me and all through me. With that new dawn, with my mind and my body, my spirit and my emotions in good balance, I was ready to begin my journey as a warrior for America.

Related Characters: Ned Begay (speaker), Hosteen Mitchell
Related Symbols: Corn Pollen
Page Number: 56
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 11 Quotes

"You have done well," Johnny Manuelito said. "But you must learn to be perfect if you wish to become a code talker."

Code talker. It was the first time I had ever heard that name, but it sounded good to me. Then our two Navajo instructors began to explain our duties to us. The more they said, the better it sounded. Our job was to learn a new top-secret code based on the Navajo language. We would also be trained to be expert in every form of communication used by the Marine Corps, from radios to Morse code. Using our code, we could send battlefield messages that no one but another Navajo code talker could understand.

Related Characters: Ned Begay (speaker), Corporal Johnny Manuelito (speaker)
Page Number: 73
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 12 Quotes

It was so good. It was good to have our language respected in this way. It was good to be here in this way. It was good that we could do something no one but another Navajo could do. Knowing our own language and culture could save the lives of Americans we had never met and help defeat enemies who wanted to destroy us.

Related Characters: Ned Begay (speaker)
Page Number: 82
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 15 Quotes

[Gene-gene] took me by the arm and led me to a big rock near the ocean. We sat together there for a time without saying anything. Then he bent over, pressed his palm on the ground, and lifted his hand up to rest it against his chest. I understood. He was telling me this land was in his heart. I knelt down on one knee and did the same, then swung my hand in the direction of the rising sun. Gene-gene nodded. He understood that the land of my own heart was there, far across the wide ocean. He placed his left hand on my chest and I did the same. We stood there like that for a while feeling each other's hearts beat with love for our sacred homelands. It was one of the best conversations I ever had.

Related Characters: Ned Begay (speaker), Gene-gene
Page Number: 105
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 19 Quotes

Some of the things those generals wrote made me feel so good that I almost laughed out loud. Remember, grandchildren, like so many other Navajos, I had grown up hearing only criticism and hard words from the bilagáanaas about our people. We Navajos were stupid. We were lazy. We could not be taught anything. We could never be as good as any white man. To hear what was now being said truly made the sun shine in my heart.

The Navajos have proved to be excellent Marines, intelligent, industrious, easily taught to send and receive by key and excellent in the field.

That is what the commanding general of the Sixth Marine Division put in his official report. […] Each Marine division was expected to have at least 100 code talkers.

Related Characters: Ned Begay (speaker)
Page Number: 136
Explanation and Analysis:

I was not one of those who tried to forget through drinking, although I was tempted. […] What helped me through those times of uncertainty were thoughts of my home and family. It comforted me to know that my family was praying for me during those times. I felt close to them when I rose each morning and used corn pollen at dawn. In that way, even when I was sad and afraid, I kept it in mind that the Holy People would not forget me. Being a Navajo and keeping to our Navajo Way helped me survive not just the war, but all those times of quiet and anxious waiting that were not yet peace.

Related Characters: Ned Begay (speaker)
Related Symbols: Corn Pollen
Page Number: 139
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 26 Quotes

I also hear clear voices when I remember that time. I hear those voices and my own heart grows calm again. They are Navajo voices speaking strongly in our sacred language. Speaking over the concussions of the exploding shells so close that the pressure in the air made it hard to breathe. Speaking above the deadly whirr of shrapnel, the snap of Japanese rifles, and the ping of bullets bouncing off our radio equipment. Speaking calmly. Speaking even when our enemies tried to confuse us by getting on our frequency to scream loudly in our ears and bang pots and pans. […] Even when our voices grew hoarse, we did not stop. Our Navajo nets kept everything connected like a spider's strands spanning distant branches. […] As the battle for Iwo Jima raged all around us, our voices held it together.

Related Characters: Ned Begay (speaker)
Page Number: 186
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 29 Quotes

It was not easy and I did not do it quickly. For one thing, I still had to be healed. Those of us who came back to Dinetah from the war were all wounded, not just in our bodies, but in our minds and our spirits. You know that our Navajo way is to be quiet and modest. So when we Navajo soldiers came back, there were no parties or big parades for us as there were for the bilagáanaa G.I.s in their hometowns. We Navajos were just expected to fit back in.

Related Characters: Ned Begay (speaker)
Page Number: 211
Explanation and Analysis:

So, my grandchildren, that is the tale this medal has helped me to tell. It is not just my story but a story of our people and of the strength that we gain from holding on to our language, from being Dine'. I pray that none of you will ever have to go into battle as I did. I also pray that you will fight to keep our language, to hold on to it with the same warrior spirit that our Indian people showed in that war. Let our language keep you strong and you will never forget what it is to be Navajo. You will never forget what it means to walk in beauty.

Related Characters: Ned Begay (speaker)
Page Number: 214
Explanation and Analysis: