The Dream House

by

Craig Higginson

Privilege, Understanding, and Historical Change Theme Analysis

Themes and Colors
Privilege, Understanding, and Historical Change Theme Icon
Truth, Accountability, and Memory Theme Icon
Parental Love vs. Romantic Love Theme Icon
Rebirth and New Beginnings  Theme Icon
Humor, Ignorance, and Denial Theme Icon
LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in The Dream House, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
Privilege, Understanding, and Historical Change Theme Icon

In The Dream House, the more privilege characters have, the less perspective they seem to have on life. Patricia Wiley, for example, has lived a life of privilege: she inherited a farm and, despite the farm’s lack of success, employs Black workers to attend to her and her husband Richard. She believes that the death of one employee, Black dairy worker Grace, was an accident and that the departure of Looksmart (a young Black man who grew up on the farm and whose education Patricia paid for) is an unrelated mystery. However, Looksmart returns one day when Patricia is in debt and has sold her house. He tells her that Grace’s death was not an accident: Richard was raping Grace when she got away, so Richard sicced a dog on her. Looksmart loved Grace and planned to marry her but knew he couldn’t get justice for her against a white man, which is why he left. Notably, Grace’s murder occurred during apartheid, South Africa’s period of legally enforced segregation and white supremacy, but Looksmart doesn’t tell Patricia about the murder until after apartheid has ended. It’s therefore only after Patricia has lost some undeserved racial privilege due to apartheid’s end (and economic privilege due to debt) that she’s finally able to see that she has overlooked her husband’s violence.

Yet Looksmart may not know the whole truth, either. His privilege as an educated man may have blinded him to what really happened to Grace. Looksmart dismisses Grace’s sister Beauty because she’s less pretty than Grace and because she continued working for the Wileys after Grace’s death. He does not consider that she had fewer opportunities for outside employment than he did, as no one paid to have her educated. After Looksmart leaves, Beauty tells Patricia that Richard didn’t rape Grace—he was paying Grace, who was poor and uninterested in marrying Looksmart, for a sexual relationship. He set the dog on her only after discovering she was pregnant. Beauty’s version of events is the final version the novel offers, ultimately suggesting that Beauty—the least privileged character—is the only one capable of fully recognizing and understanding the ugly truth about what happened to her sister. In turn, the novel suggests that sometimes a sense of privilege or advantage can enable people to tell themselves narratives that serve their own purposes, thus conveniently deluding themselves as a way of avoiding difficult realities.

Related Themes from Other Texts
Compare and contrast themes from other texts to this theme…

Privilege, Understanding, and Historical Change ThemeTracker

The ThemeTracker below shows where, and to what degree, the theme of Privilege, Understanding, and Historical Change appears in each chapter of The Dream House. Click or tap on any chapter to read its Summary & Analysis.
How often theme appears:
chapter length:
Get the entire The Dream House LitChart as a printable PDF.
The Dream House PDF

Privilege, Understanding, and Historical Change Quotes in The Dream House

Below you will find the important quotes in The Dream House related to the theme of Privilege, Understanding, and Historical Change.
Chapter 1 Quotes

The problem of what to do with the past would have to carry on in the future.

Related Characters: Patricia Wiley, Beauty (Togo), Richard Wiley, Grace (Noma)
Related Symbols: The Wileys’ House
Page Number: 22
Explanation and Analysis:

He has a shameful secret: even today, he’s unaccustomed to the freedom he’s been given to drive around the country and go wherever he likes. Whenever he sits down in a restaurant or cinema, surrounded by white people, a part of him still expects someone to ask him politely to leave. It is a thing he could never mention to his daughters or even his wife. They would laugh at him and accuse him of making it up. Yet it is a thing he feels: he is an intruder in his own land, condemned to arriving at places where he will never quite belong.

Related Characters: Patricia Wiley, Looksmart (Phiwayinkosi Ndlovu), Richard Wiley
Related Symbols: Cars
Page Number: 34
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 2 Quotes

As she speaks, she recalls the times he used to tease her, when teasing—no doubt learned in part from her—was the mode between them. At the time, their world seemed to permit little else: it didn’t even allow them to touch. But now there is no affection in this echo of their old style. Today everything between them seems to bristle with innuendo and hurt.

Related Characters: Patricia Wiley, Looksmart (Phiwayinkosi Ndlovu)
Related Symbols: The Wileys’ House
Page Number: 56
Explanation and Analysis:

“If I remember myself correctly,” he says, “I would have wanted to eat that fish.”

“But you were a gentle child, always wanting to please.”

He lets out a sound like laughter and turns away.

“Don’t you mean always wanting to please you?”

Related Characters: Patricia Wiley (speaker), Looksmart (Phiwayinkosi Ndlovu) (speaker), Looksmart’s Mother
Page Number: 58
Explanation and Analysis:

She might be cleverer, but he knows he has a far better memory than she: for while she was in the clouds, he has been on the ground, living amongst the rest of humanity, knowing all along how her particular kind of cleverness diminished them.

So naturally he remembers that day they went to fish. It was a thing that was impossible to forget: him learning to cast on the front lawn, weaving the line back and forth through the air, back and forth, and her perched up there on her stoep, ordering him about and laughing at him like he was her toy, her toy monkey, with a battery up its arse.

Related Characters: Patricia Wiley, Looksmart (Phiwayinkosi Ndlovu)
Page Number: 79
Explanation and Analysis:

“Of course, you would have forgotten what a car right out of the box looks like, or smells like. The freshly stitched leather, the air of wealth that breathes out of the air conditioner. My car is like a racehorse—skittish, responding to my every thought, my lightest touch. But you wouldn’t know anything about that. Not these days. What with that wreck of yours still sitting there under its tin roof.”

Like a fat toad, he wants to add, at the heart of his life.

Related Characters: Looksmart (Phiwayinkosi Ndlovu) (speaker), Patricia Wiley, Grace (Noma), Looksmart’s Mother
Related Symbols: Cars
Page Number: 81
Explanation and Analysis:

But it is a nascent anger he is beginning to feel concerning Beauty—not pity. What did the girl expect by staying on in this place, especially after what happened to Grace? To remain on the farm was to condone what had happened here—and that was one thing he himself was never prepared to do. At the time, of course, Beauty can’t have been older than thirteen, but she has had a good twenty-five years since that moment to develop some self-respect.

Related Characters: Patricia Wiley, Looksmart (Phiwayinkosi Ndlovu), Beauty (Togo), Grace (Noma)
Page Number: 94
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 3 Quotes

He’s never understood the workings of the house. The fact is it was never his house, but hers, handed down from her father. While he was there on good behaviour. Which is why he thinks he chose bad behaviour.

Related Characters: Patricia Wiley, Richard Wiley, Grace (Noma), Patricia’s Father, Rachel
Related Symbols: The Wileys’ House
Page Number: 103
Explanation and Analysis:

He was a fool for coming here. But what did he expect? A miraculous transformation? People like her are still sitting in their houses. People like him are still looking in.

Related Characters: Patricia Wiley, Looksmart (Phiwayinkosi Ndlovu), Grace (Noma)
Related Symbols: The Wileys’ House
Page Number: 116
Explanation and Analysis:

He knows that Bheki won’t refuse a cigarette, in spite of his veneer of dignity. Underneath, he’s as needy as the rest of them.

Related Characters: Patricia Wiley, Looksmart (Phiwayinkosi Ndlovu), Bheki
Page Number: 118
Explanation and Analysis:

“You know what I can’t forgive?”

“Sorry?”

“It is that you wanted to protect your seats.”

“My what?”

Related Characters: Patricia Wiley (speaker), Looksmart (Phiwayinkosi Ndlovu) (speaker), Grace (Noma)
Related Symbols: Cars
Page Number: 130
Explanation and Analysis:

“The first thing I saw on getting back from boarding school,” he says, “was a black puppy, playing in the garden, chewing a rubber ball to bits. The second was Grace, the most beautiful thing I had ever seen. As our love grew, that dog in the garden was growing too. My love and your fear, they grew together. And now, I can no longer separate them. When I think of one, I see the other. I see that double thing, that creature—the beast. Circling the garden, dripping blood.”

Related Characters: Looksmart (Phiwayinkosi Ndlovu) (speaker), Patricia Wiley, Beauty (Togo), Richard Wiley, Grace (Noma)
Related Symbols: Dogs
Page Number: 144
Explanation and Analysis:

“No one knows what I saw.”

Beauty seems to say this with the knowledge that this statement, for the first time, is no longer true: two others now know what she saw. What she saw no longer belongs to her: it will become a part of the general story that is used to define her sister.

Related Characters: Beauty (Togo) (speaker), Patricia Wiley, Looksmart (Phiwayinkosi Ndlovu), Richard Wiley, Grace (Noma)
Related Symbols: Dogs
Page Number: 149
Explanation and Analysis:

She had come to think of Beauty as her friend and she thought she knew everything there was to know about her—but, of course, that was only vanity, or laziness, or wishful thinking.

Related Characters: Patricia Wiley, Looksmart (Phiwayinkosi Ndlovu), Beauty (Togo), Richard Wiley, Grace (Noma)
Page Number: 149
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 4 Quotes

For the past six months, he has had a lover: a white woman with a daughter who attends the same school as his girls. She is wealthy and lives alone on a hill that overlooks the old city centre of Johannesburg. Her house is made almost entirely of pale blue glass, and yet she remains to him opaque. They are dipping their toes into the forbidden, as one might try out a new drug.

He doesn’t even particularly like his lover—as a person, that is—but at the time he didn’t have the right words to repel her. Nor did he have the inclination, in spite of not quite liking her: he was too curious, even flattered, to turn away.

Related Characters: Patricia Wiley, Looksmart (Phiwayinkosi Ndlovu), Grace (Noma), Looksmart’s Mother
Page Number: 173
Explanation and Analysis:

Nothing has ever come back to her. Everything around her—and much that has been happening in the country at large has only confirmed this—has only ever held evidence of loss or decay.

But recently she has also been observing all the new buildings starting up out of the earth, and the green crops of weeds appearing in the most improbable places. A few days ago, when she and Bheki were driving into the village, she noticed a cloud of yellow butterflies hovering around the weeds and spilling over across their path. Bheki drove on through them as though they weren’t there, and neither of them said a word about it, but in that instant Patricia saw that there was an altogether different way of viewing the world: as an inexhaustible source of renewal and growth.

Related Characters: Patricia Wiley, Looksmart (Phiwayinkosi Ndlovu), Richard Wiley, Grace (Noma), Looksmart’s Mother
Related Symbols: The Wileys’ House
Page Number: 181
Explanation and Analysis:

“Ah, Madam,” he tells her. “This is a strange land we live in. After all this time, you still want to be the mother. And me, I must still be something like your child. But that relationship—it can have no place in the future of this country.”

Related Characters: Looksmart (Phiwayinkosi Ndlovu) (speaker), Patricia Wiley
Page Number: 183
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 5 Quotes

Looksmart has promised him a job and he has said he will send Bongani to a special school, so that his disabilities will not hold him back. Looksmart said it was time for black people to help each other. That the time of getting help from the whites is finished. And he agrees with this. He thinks it is time he walked away from this distasteful dance he has been engaged in for so long: where he has to disturb the grave of a child just because the Madam has decided it.

Related Characters: Patricia Wiley, Looksmart (Phiwayinkosi Ndlovu), Beauty (Togo), Bheki, Rachel
Page Number: 217
Explanation and Analysis:

As they labour along the road, the image of the black puppy keeps finding its way back into her head: the way it would run along the fence of the dog-run after the girls going toward the dairy, stumbling over its paws, while she sat back and laughed at it.

Related Characters: Patricia Wiley, Looksmart (Phiwayinkosi Ndlovu), Richard Wiley, Bheki, Grace (Noma), John Ford
Related Symbols: Dogs
Page Number: 222
Explanation and Analysis:

“Beauty – please. You have to tell me the truth.”

Related Characters: Patricia Wiley (speaker), Looksmart (Phiwayinkosi Ndlovu), Beauty (Togo), Richard Wiley, Grace (Noma), John Ford
Page Number: 233-234
Explanation and Analysis:

“But he said they loved each other desperately,” she says. “He said she was good.”

“Good?”

The world hangs in the air like the word ‘truth’: simply as another way of presenting oneself to the world.

“She had nothing,” Beauty continues, “and uBass—he paid her. Sis’ Grace did not think about good or not good. Ubezama ukuphila.”

“She was trying to survive?”

Patricia has to repeat the phrase in English in order to accept it fully.

Related Characters: Patricia Wiley (speaker), Beauty (Togo) (speaker), Looksmart (Phiwayinkosi Ndlovu), Richard Wiley, Grace (Noma)
Page Number: 234-235
Explanation and Analysis: