The Rainbow

by

D. H. Lawrence

The Rainbow: Chapter 16: The Rainbow Summary & Analysis

Summary
Analysis
Ursula returns to Beldover in a state of emotional numbness after ending her engagement with Anton. She feels detached from everything, moving through her days without energy or purpose. Her family notices her distant behavior and questions her about the broken engagement, but Ursula finds it hard to care. Weeks pass in a haze, her apathy deepening. Even the news that Anton has likely sailed to India doesn’t stir much in her. She feels like a shell of her former self, her vitality drained, as though she has been frozen in time.
Despite Ursula’s strong desire for independence, the breakup leaves her in a state of profound detachment, reflecting the emotional exhaustion of fighting against both societal expectations and personal relationships. Ursula’s numbness indicates that even though she has made a decisive step in breaking free from a future that did not align with her ideals, the process has left her drained of vitality and disconnected from her surroundings.
Themes
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Suddenly, a shock runs through her body, as though a dormant part of her has been awakened. Ursula realizes that she might be pregnant. At first, the possibility makes her feel alive again. But as the initial shock fades, a heavy sense of dread settles in. She wonders what it would mean to bring a child into the world, especially now, with her life in such turmoil. The idea of being tied to Anton through a child fills her with conflicting emotions. While her flesh thrills at the idea of motherhood, her soul feels sick. She worries that having a child will trap her in a life that she does not want.
Ursula’s ambivalence toward pregnancy reveals the central tension in her life—the desire for independence versus the fear of tradition tying her down. On one hand, creating life is a thrilling prospect because of the biological currents that run through her body, preparing her for motherhood. On the other hand, her soul recoils, feeling sick at the thought of being trapped in a life she does not desire.
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As these thoughts weigh on her, Ursula begins to reconsider her previous rejection of domestic life. She starts to think that perhaps she had been wrong, that her desire for independence and self-fulfillment was unrealistic. Maybe she had been foolish to think she could live a different life than Anna, who accepts her role as a wife and mother with quiet dignity. Ursula decides that she could live a simple life with Anton, raising their child together. She convinces herself that she can give up her yearning for more and settle into the traditional role of a wife. With a sense of humility, Ursula writes a letter to Anton, apologizing for her behavior and offering to marry him. She promises to be a dutiful wife and mother, letting go of her fantasies of independence.
The weight of Ursula’s potential pregnancy and the looming responsibilities it represents cause her to question the ideals of independence and self-fulfillment that have guided her so far. The fact that she begins to see Anna as a figure of quiet dignity, accepting the traditional roles of wife and mother, signals Ursula’s growing doubts about whether her own ambitions are attainable. This reconsideration indicates that Ursula feels pressure to conform to societal norms, as she begins to wonder whether her desire for a different life has been naive.
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After posting the letter, Ursula feels an unnatural sense of calm, as if her fate is sealed. She is sure Anton will accept her proposal, and she begins to prepare for their future together. However, as the days pass without a response, a growing restlessness begins to stir within her. She feels a tumult building, a sense of impending change that she cannot control. Her previous sense of peace begins to dissolve, and she becomes increasingly anxious. The more time passes, the more she begins to doubt the path she has chosen.
Ursula’s initial feeling of calm after sending the letter to Anton reflects her sense of resignation to the path she has chosen. This calmness, however, is not a true peace but rather an illusion born from the belief that her fate is now out of her hands. The act of writing and posting the letter symbolizes her temporary surrender to societal expectations, as if relinquishing her autonomy to the inevitability of marriage will somehow provide her with stability.
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One afternoon, unable to bear the stifling atmosphere of the house, Ursula leaves and walks into the rain, heading into the woods. As she walks, she feels a strange sense of freedom in the privacy and chaos of the rain. The landscape around her is drenched, but she welcomes the solitude and the wildness of the weather. As she approaches the wood, Ursula senses something strange and powerful lurking nearby. A small herd of wild horses is moving through the trees, their presence pressing on her even though she cannot see them. Ursula’s heart begins to race as the horses move closer, blocking her path.
The rain, often a symbol of cleansing or renewal, becomes a source of liberation for Ursula, offering her a sense of freedom in the midst of chaos. The wet landscape mirrors her internal state, but it also provides her with solitude and a space to reconnect with herself away from societal pressures. The wildness of the weather reflects Ursula's desire to escape the constraints that have been closing in on her, and the natural world becomes a place where she can confront these feelings.
Themes
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The horses surround Ursula as she reaches a hedgerow. Although she tries to remain calm, fear overwhelms her. The animals are massive and powerful, making their movements feel oppressive. Desperate to escape, Ursula scrambles up a nearby oak tree. She manages to climb a few feet before losing her grip and falling hard to the ground on the other side of the hedge. Winded and aching, she seizes the moment to flee, running across a field as fast as she can. She climbs a fence and turns to watch the horses from afar, her body still trembling from the encounter. Exhausted but relieved, she begins the long walk home.
Ursula confronts the wild horses in a climactic moment that reflects the culmination of her internal struggles. The horses, symbols of untamed power, surround her physically and intensify her fear. Her attempt to remain calm reveals her desire to control her circumstances, but the sheer force of the animals overwhelms her, crushing her under the weight of societal and personal pressures. Their oppressive movements embody the primal forces she must face—both external pressures and her own inner turmoil.
Themes
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Shortly after the incident with the horses, Ursula falls ill. For two weeks, she is bedridden with a fever, her body weak and wracked with pain. She feels trapped, not just by her body but by the expectations of the world around her. She repeats to herself that she belongs to no one—not her parents, not Anton, not anyone. She yearns to break free from these bonds, to escape from the life that has been mapped out for her, but she feels pinned down. In her fevered state, she begins to view her connection to Anton as something false, a bond that no longer has any real meaning. The more she thinks about it, the more she realizes that her tie to Anton is rooted in the idea of the child. It’s the possibility of the child that binds her to him, not any genuine love for him.
As Ursula contemplates her relationship with Anton, she recognizes that their bond hinges not on authentic love, but rather on the notion of potential motherhood. This realization is a critique of traditional roles assigned to women, where identity often becomes intertwined with familial expectations and reproductive possibilities. The idea that her connection to Anton is rooted in the possibility of a child rather than genuine affection shows how societal pressures surrounding marriage and motherhood can distort personal relationships.
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Eventually, Ursula begins to recover from her illness, and with her recovery comes a new clarity. She realizes that she is not pregnant, and even if she had been, she knows now that she could have raised the child on her own, without Anton. He is a figure of her past, a part of her life that no longer holds power over her. As her strength returns, she receives a telegram from Anton, informing her that he has married someone else. The news stirs a brief flicker of pain, but Ursula quickly realizes that it doesn’t matter. Anton, like so many other aspects of her old life, belongs to the past. He is no longer relevant to her future.
Ursula’s realization that she is not pregnant—and that motherhood could exist outside of a partnership with Anton—marks a pivotal moment in her journey toward self-actualization. This acknowledgment of her potential as a single parent underscores her growing autonomy and challenges the traditional notion that a woman’s fulfillment is contingent upon marriage or partnership with a man.
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Quotes
After receiving the telegram, Ursula steps outside to observe the world around her. She watches the coal miners working in the rain, their bodies moving mechanically through the bleak, gray landscape. As she contemplates the drabness of her surroundings, she notices something extraordinary. A rainbow begins to form in the sky, its colors vivid and alive against the backdrop of rain and clouds. As Ursula watches the rainbow stretch across the horizon, she feels a renewed sense of hope. In this moment, Ursula understands that despite the darkness and the constraints of the world around her, there is still beauty and hope to be found. The rainbow gives her a glimpse of a different world, one that is yet to come, and she feels herself drawn toward it with a sense of purpose and clarity.
Ursula’s contemplation of the world around her—particularly the coal miners working in the rain—reflects her growing awareness of the limitations of her environment and the modern world. Yet, as she observes the gray landscape, the appearance of a rainbow in the sky offers a moment of profound beauty and hope. The rainbow, vibrant and alive against the dreary backdrop, serves as a symbol of renewal and possibility. For Ursula, this moment is transformative, as she understands that despite the darkness surrounding her, there is still beauty to be found in the world. The rainbow represents a glimpse of a brighter future, causing Ursula to feel a new sense of purpose.
Themes
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Quotes