Chasing the Scream

Chasing the Scream

by

Johann Hari

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Billie Holiday Character Analysis

Billie Holiday was a world-famous Black jazz singer and activist. She remains widely known for the anti-lynching protest song “Strange Fruit” and classic jazz standards like “All of Me.” As a child, she suffered extreme trauma: she was raped, forced into prostitution, and abused at a reform school. As an adult, she turned to heroin for comfort. By the 1930s, her drug use, fame, and antiracist activism made her a perfect target for Harry Anslinger, who wanted to help spread anti-drug sentiment around the country and repress Black and immigrant activists. Anslinger repeatedly had his Bureau of Narcotics agents arrest Holiday for heroin possession, including by planting the drugs on her when he deemed it necessary. He even re-arrested her when she was dying of liver, heart, and respiratory failure in the hospital. Hari uses Holiday’s tragic life and death to demonstrate how the harshest consequences of the war on drugs have largely fallen on addicts themselves.

Billie Holiday Quotes in Chasing the Scream

The Chasing the Scream quotes below are all either spoken by Billie Holiday or refer to Billie Holiday . For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Drug Legalization and U.S. Policy Theme Icon
).
Chapter 1 Quotes

Billie didn’t blame Anslinger’s agents as individuals; she blamed the drug war itself—because it forced the police to treat ill people like criminals. “Imagine if the government chased sick people with diabetes, put a tax on insulin and drove it into the black market, told doctors they couldn’t treat them,” she wrote in her memoir, “then sent them to jail. If we did that, everyone would know we were crazy. Yet we do practically the same thing every day in the week to sick people hooked on drugs.”

Related Characters: Johann Hari (speaker), Billie Holiday (speaker), Harry Anslinger
Page Number: 31
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 4 Quotes

There would be many more bullets, but I was going to learn on my journey that Arnold Rothstein has not yet died. Every time he is killed, a harder and more vicious version of him emerges to fill the space provided by prohibition for a global criminal industry. Arnold Rothstein is the start of a lineup of criminals that runs through the Crips and the Bloods and Pablo Escobar to Chapo Guzman—each more vicious because he was strong enough to kill the last.

[…]

And I was going to see that, like Rothstein, Harry Anslinger is reincarnated in ever-tougher forms, too. Before this war is over, his successors were going to be deploying gunships along the coasts of America, imprisoning more people than any other society in human history, and spraying poisons from the air across foreign countries thousands of miles away from home to kill their drug crops.

Related Characters: Johann Hari (speaker), Harry Anslinger , Billie Holiday , Arnold Rothstein , Henry Smith Williams , Edward Williams
Related Symbols: Screaming
Page Number: 57-58
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 10 Quotes

That is when Marisela heard rumors that started to make it possible to make sense of this whole story. Sergio, she was told, is a Zeta. That is why the police would not touch him. That is why he kept escaping. When Marisela got her final lead on where Sergio was, the police were finally honest with her. “If he’s with the Zetas, we’re not going to be able to do anything, because they run the state,” they told her. “If we do a bust, it’s because they allow us to do it. We don’t bust people just like that.” They were apologetic, but they explained that the Zetas give them money if they serve them and death if they don’t.

Related Characters: Johann Hari (speaker), Harry Anslinger , Sergio Barraza , Marisela Escobedo , Rubi Fraire , Billie Holiday , Henry Smith Williams , Edward Williams
Page Number: 137
Explanation and Analysis:
Conclusion Quotes

I try now to picture Harry as the first dose of opiates washes through his system and it makes him still and calm. What does he think in that moment? Does he think of Henry Smith Williams and Billie Holiday and his order to his agents to “shoot first” when they saw drugs? Does he think of the scream he heard all those years before as a little boy in a farmhouse in Altoona, and of all the people he had made scream since in an attempt to scrub this sensation from the human condition—or does he, for a moment, with the drugs in his hand, hear, at last, the dying of the scream?

Related Characters: Johann Hari (speaker), Harry Anslinger (speaker), Billie Holiday , Henry Smith Williams
Related Symbols: Screaming
Page Number: 298
Explanation and Analysis:
Get the entire Chasing the Scream LitChart as a printable PDF.
Chasing the Scream PDF

Billie Holiday Quotes in Chasing the Scream

The Chasing the Scream quotes below are all either spoken by Billie Holiday or refer to Billie Holiday . For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Drug Legalization and U.S. Policy Theme Icon
).
Chapter 1 Quotes

Billie didn’t blame Anslinger’s agents as individuals; she blamed the drug war itself—because it forced the police to treat ill people like criminals. “Imagine if the government chased sick people with diabetes, put a tax on insulin and drove it into the black market, told doctors they couldn’t treat them,” she wrote in her memoir, “then sent them to jail. If we did that, everyone would know we were crazy. Yet we do practically the same thing every day in the week to sick people hooked on drugs.”

Related Characters: Johann Hari (speaker), Billie Holiday (speaker), Harry Anslinger
Page Number: 31
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 4 Quotes

There would be many more bullets, but I was going to learn on my journey that Arnold Rothstein has not yet died. Every time he is killed, a harder and more vicious version of him emerges to fill the space provided by prohibition for a global criminal industry. Arnold Rothstein is the start of a lineup of criminals that runs through the Crips and the Bloods and Pablo Escobar to Chapo Guzman—each more vicious because he was strong enough to kill the last.

[…]

And I was going to see that, like Rothstein, Harry Anslinger is reincarnated in ever-tougher forms, too. Before this war is over, his successors were going to be deploying gunships along the coasts of America, imprisoning more people than any other society in human history, and spraying poisons from the air across foreign countries thousands of miles away from home to kill their drug crops.

Related Characters: Johann Hari (speaker), Harry Anslinger , Billie Holiday , Arnold Rothstein , Henry Smith Williams , Edward Williams
Related Symbols: Screaming
Page Number: 57-58
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 10 Quotes

That is when Marisela heard rumors that started to make it possible to make sense of this whole story. Sergio, she was told, is a Zeta. That is why the police would not touch him. That is why he kept escaping. When Marisela got her final lead on where Sergio was, the police were finally honest with her. “If he’s with the Zetas, we’re not going to be able to do anything, because they run the state,” they told her. “If we do a bust, it’s because they allow us to do it. We don’t bust people just like that.” They were apologetic, but they explained that the Zetas give them money if they serve them and death if they don’t.

Related Characters: Johann Hari (speaker), Harry Anslinger , Sergio Barraza , Marisela Escobedo , Rubi Fraire , Billie Holiday , Henry Smith Williams , Edward Williams
Page Number: 137
Explanation and Analysis:
Conclusion Quotes

I try now to picture Harry as the first dose of opiates washes through his system and it makes him still and calm. What does he think in that moment? Does he think of Henry Smith Williams and Billie Holiday and his order to his agents to “shoot first” when they saw drugs? Does he think of the scream he heard all those years before as a little boy in a farmhouse in Altoona, and of all the people he had made scream since in an attempt to scrub this sensation from the human condition—or does he, for a moment, with the drugs in his hand, hear, at last, the dying of the scream?

Related Characters: Johann Hari (speaker), Harry Anslinger (speaker), Billie Holiday , Henry Smith Williams
Related Symbols: Screaming
Page Number: 298
Explanation and Analysis: