Death Comes for the Archbishop

Death Comes for the Archbishop

by

Willa Cather

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Themes and Colors
Spirituality vs. the Material World Theme Icon
Friendship and Compromise Theme Icon
Humanity’s Relationship with Nature Theme Icon
Colonialism, Industry, and Loss Theme Icon
Memory, Death, and Afterlives Theme Icon
LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in Death Comes for the Archbishop, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
Friendship and Compromise Theme Icon

The friendship between Bishop Jean-Marie Latour and Vicar Joseph Vaillant forms the spine of Death Comes for the Archbishop. The two men have an extraordinary history, having grown up in small-town France together before traveling first to Ohio and then to New Mexico, still as a duo. And as they embark on these arduous journeys, each man makes risk-taking more possible for the other: Latour helps Vaillant leave France even in his friend’s most painful “hour of torment,” while Vaillant builds easy trust with parishioners so that Latour can travel and keep to himself. The two men are so close that even their mules, a pair of siblings named Angelica and Contento, are best friends.

As the narrative makes clear, the two men are compatible precisely because they are so different, so complementary to each other. Latour is shy and has a self-professed “coldness,” whereas Vaillant makes friends with ease and loses his temper almost as easily; Latour is physically strong but cautious, while Vaillant is physically fragile but impulsive. But these contradictions also mean they want different things. Latour desires only to build a life in Santa Fe with Vaillant, but Vaillant thrives much more in new places, on new adventures with new people. As they get older and diverge further, the two men have to find ways to meet each other in the middle. By the end of the story, Latour has agreed to let Vaillant set off on his own missionary journey in Colorado, though it pains him greatly; for his part, Vaillant finds ways to return to Santa Fé, honoring Latour as one of the most important people in his life. In tracing the lifelong bond between these two men, Cather’s narrative posits that compromise is key to good friendship, even (and sometimes especially) when that means separating from one’s closest companions.

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Friendship and Compromise Quotes in Death Comes for the Archbishop

Below you will find the important quotes in Death Comes for the Archbishop related to the theme of Friendship and Compromise.
Book 1: Hidden Water Quotes

[Latour] had expected to make a dry camp in the wilderness, and to sleep under a juniper tree, like the Prophet, tormented by thirst. But here he lay in comfort and safety, with love for his fellow creatures lowing like peace about his heart. If Father Vaillant were here, he would say, “A miracle”; that the Holy Mother, to whom he had addressed himself before the cruciform tree, had led him hither. And it was a miracle, Father Latour knew that. But his dear Joseph must always have the miracle very direct and spectacular, not with nature, but against it.

Related Characters: Jean-Marie Latour, Joseph Vaillant
Related Symbols: The Cruciform Tree
Page Number: 20
Explanation and Analysis:
Book 1: The Bishop Chez Lui Quotes

“Think of it, Blanchet; in all this vast country between the Mississippi and the Pacific Ocean, there is probably not another human being who could make the soup like this.”

“Not unless he is a Frenchman,” said Father Joseph. He had tucked a napkin over the front of his cassock and was losing no time in reflection.

“I am not deprecating your individual talent, Joseph,” the Bishop continued, “but, when one thinks of it, a soup like this is not the work of one man. It is the result of a constantly refined tradition. There are nearly a thousand years of history in this soup.”

Related Characters: Jean-Marie Latour (speaker), Joseph Vaillant (speaker)
Page Number: 26
Explanation and Analysis:
Book 2: The White Mules Quotes

Soon after breakfast Father Vaillant departed, riding Contento, with Angelica trotting submissively behind, and from his gates Señor Lujon watched them disconsolately until they disappeared. He felt he had been worried out of his mules, and yet he bore no resentment. He did not doubt Father Joseph’s devotedness, nor his singleness of purpose. After all, a Bishop was a Bishop, and a vicar was a vicar, and it was not to their discredit that they worked like a pair of common parish priests. He believed he would be proud of the fact that they rode Contento and Angelica. Father Vaillant had forced his hand, but he was rather glad of it.

Related Characters: Jean-Marie Latour, Joseph Vaillant, Manuel Lujon
Related Symbols: Angelica and Contento
Page Number: 43
Explanation and Analysis:
Book 3: Jacinto Quotes

The Bishop seldom asked Jacinto about his thoughts or beliefs. He didn’t think it polite, and he believed it to be useless. There was no way in which he could transfer his own memories of European civilization into the Indian mind, and he was quite willing to believe that behind Jacinto there was a long tradition, a story of experience, which no language could translate to him.

Related Characters: Jean-Marie Latour, Jacinto
Page Number: 62
Explanation and Analysis:
Book 7: December Night Quotes

Never, as [Latour] afterward told Father Vaillant, had it been permitted him to behold such deep experience of the holy joy of religion as on that pale December night. He was able to feel, kneeling beside [Sada], the preciousness of the things of the altar to her who was without possessions; the tapers, the image of the Virgin, the figures of the Saints, the cross that took away indignity from suffering and made pain and poverty a means of fellowship with Christ. Kneeling beside the much enduring bondwoman, he experienced those holy mysteries as he had done in his young manhood. He seemed able to feel all it meant to her to know that there was a Kind Woman in Heaven, though there were such cruel ones on earth.

Related Characters: Jean-Marie Latour, Joseph Vaillant, Sada
Page Number: 142
Explanation and Analysis:
Book 7: Spring in the Navajo Country Quotes

Though the Bishop had worked with Father Joseph for twenty-five years now, he could not reconcile the contradictions of his nature. He simply accepted them, and, when Joseph had been away for a long while, realized that he loved them all. His Vicar was one of the most truly spiritual men he had ever known, though he was so passionately attached to many of the things of this world. Fond as he was of good eating and drinking, he not only rigidly observed all the facts of the church, but he never complained about the hardness and scantiness of the fare on his long missionary journeys. Father Joseph’s relish for good wine might have been a fault in another man. But […] time and again the Bishop had seen a good dinner, a bottle of claret, transformed into spiritual energy under his very eyes.

Related Characters: Jean-Marie Latour, Joseph Vaillant, Jacinto
Page Number: 148
Explanation and Analysis:
Book 8: Auspice Maria! Quotes

Yes, [Vaillant] reflected, as he went quietly to his own room, there was a great difference in their natures. Wherever he went, he soon made friends that took the place of country and family. But Jean, who was at ease in any society and always the flower of courtesy, could not form new ties. It had always been so. He was like that even as a boy; gracious to everyone, but known to a very few. […] But God had his reasons, Father Joseph devoutly believed. Perhaps it pleased Him to grace the beginning of a new era and a vast new diocese by a fine personality. And perhaps, after all, something would remain through the years to come; some ideal, or memory, or legend.

Related Characters: Jean-Marie Latour, Joseph Vaillant
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number: 167
Explanation and Analysis:

“I did not mean to interrupt you, Joseph, but do you intend to take Contento with you to Colorado?”

Father Joseph blinked. “Why, certainly. I had intended to ride him. However, if you have need for him here—”

“Oh, no. Not at all. But if you take Contento, I will ask you to take Angelica as well. They have a great affection for each other; why separate them indefinitely? One could not explain to them. They have worked long together.”

Father Vaillant made no reply. He stood looking intently at the pages of his letter. The Bishop saw a drop of water splashed down upon the violet script and spread. He turned quickly and went out through the arched doorway.

Related Characters: Jean-Marie Latour (speaker), Joseph Vaillant (speaker)
Related Symbols: Angelica and Contento
Page Number: 168
Explanation and Analysis:
Book 9: Chapter 5 Quotes

Father Latour often said that his diocese changed little except in the boundaries. The Mexicans were always Mexicans, the Indians were always Indians. Santa Fé was a quiet backwater, with no natural wealth, no importance commercially. But Father Vaillant had been plunged into the midst of a great industrial expansion, where guile and trickery and honorable ambition all struggled together; a territory that developed by leaps and bounds and then experienced ruinous reverses. Every year, even after he was crippled, he travelled thousands of miles by stage and in his carriage, among the mountain towns that were now rich, now poor and deserted.

Related Characters: Jean-Marie Latour, Joseph Vaillant
Page Number: 190
Explanation and Analysis:
Book 9: Chapter 8 Quotes

[Latour] continued to murmur, to move his hands a little, and Magdalena thought he was trying to ask for something, or to tell them something. But in reality the Bishop was not there at all; he was standing in a tip-tilted green field among his native mountains, and he was trying to give consolation to a young man who was being torn in two before his eyes by the desire to go and the necessity to stay. He was trying to forge a new Will in that devout and exhausted priest; and the time was short, for the diligence for Paris was already rumbling down the mountain gorge.

Related Characters: Jean-Marie Latour, Joseph Vaillant, Eusabio, Marino Lucero, Magdalena
Page Number: 198
Explanation and Analysis: